questions for hydrology exam

possible questions at hydrology exam

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Christian Voegeli

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advantages of stochastical models compared to other approaches considering filling in missing observations?

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robust, uncertainities....

what methods do we know for filling in missing data?

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classical: station average, normal-ratio, inverse distance

regression

time series analysis

what can stochastic models be used for?

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filling in missing data

rainfall disaggregation

name stochastic models for rainfall disaggregation

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scaling-stochastic model -> cascade model (micro-/canoncial, un-/bounded)

which saturation process is best to describe a small saturated area in a catchment?

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dune, saturation excess

what is the difference between horton and dune infiltratin mechanisms?

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horton: runoff, even when the soil is not saturated, infitration excess runoff

dune: saturation from below, saturation excess runoff

what parameters are needed for horton and dune runoff mechanisms?

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horton: P, fc

dune: S_cap -> is a function of Z_soil, θ_satand θ_r

what is rainfall disaggregation?

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to do

when is rainfall disaggregation useful?

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to do

what methods for rainfall disaggregation are known?

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deterministic: constant model, ormsbee model

stochastic methods: randomisation of ormsbee

scaling methods: cascade model

differences between micro- and canoncial model?

to do

what is the cascade generator w?

to do

what is the probability distribution of the cascade generator W?

to do

what is the aerodynamical resistance?

to do: eq, terms...

where is the aerodynamical resistant used?

to calculate H=(rho*Cp*delta_T)/ra

E = (rho*delta_q)/rav ; ra = rav

tau = rho * u / ram; ram almost equal to ra

also used in the penman eq.

how can the vegetation resistance be included?

rc = rs/LAI = stomata res / leaf area index

in series with ra -> replace ra with ra + rc

which methods to fill in missing data?

to do....

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