Organizational Behavior 2
Different Learning Objectives from the book Organizational Behaviour
Different Learning Objectives from the book Organizational Behaviour
Fichier Détails
| Cartes-fiches | 9 |
|---|---|
| Langue | English |
| Catégorie | Affaires sociales |
| Niveau | Université |
| Crée / Actualisé | 22.02.2015 / 22.02.2015 |
| Lien de web |
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Define group and differentiate between different types of groups
GROUP
two or more individuals, interacting and interdeoendent, who have come together to achieve particular objectives.
FORMAL GROUP
A seignated work group defined by an organizations structure
Command Group
A group composed of the individuals who report directly to the need for social contact.
Task Group
People working together to complete a job task
INFORMAL GROUP
Group that is neither formally structured nor organizationally determindes; such a group appears in response to the need for social contact
Interest Group
People working together to attain a specific objective with which each is concerned
Friendship Group
Poeple brought together because they share one or more common characteristics
Identify the 5 stages of group development
Forming
Storming
Norming
Performing
Adjourning
What is the alternative model for temporary groups with deadlines
(another than 5 stages of group development)
The puncutated-equilibrium model
Temporary groups have own sequencing actions:
1. Their first meeting sets the group´s direction
2. This first phase of group activity is one of inertia (Schwerfälligkeit)
3. a transition (Übergang / Druchgang) takes place at the end of this first phase (halftime)
4. a transition initiates major changes
5. a second phase of inertia follows the transition
6. the group´s last meeting characterised by markedly accelerated activity (besonders beschleunigt)
What are the reasons to join a group?
Security
Status
Self-esteem
Affiliation
Power
Goal Achievement
Explain how role requirements change in different situations
(Group Property 1: roles)
GROUP PROPERTY 1: ROLES
A set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone occupying a given position in a social untit.
Role Identity
Certain attitudes and behavior consistent with a role
Role Perception
An individual´s view of how he or she is supposed to act in a given situation
Role expectations
How others believe a person should act in a fiven situation
Role conflict
A situation in which an individual is confronted by divergent (abweichend / untersch.) role expectations
Describe how norms exert influence on an individual‘s behavior
Group Property 2: Norms
(Impact: Norms, Classes of norms, reference groups, conformity)
Norms
acceptable standards of behavior whithin a group that are shared by the group´s memebrs
Classes of Norms:
Performance norms
Appearance norms
Social arrangement norms
Allocation of resources norms
Reference Groups
Important groups to which individuals belong or hope to belong and with whose norms individuals are likely to conform.
Conformity
The adjustment of one´s behavior to align wit the norms of the group
Describe how norms exert influence on an individual‘s behavior
Group Property 2: Defying Norms - deviant workplace behavior
Deviant Workplace behavior
Voluntary behavior that violates significant organizational norms and, in doing so, threatens the well-being of the organization
Typology of deviant workplace behavior
Production: Leaving early, wasting resources...
Property: Sabotage, Lying about hours worked, stealing from organization...
Political: Showing favouritism, blaming co-workers
Personal aggression: sexual harassment, verbal abuse...
Describe how status exert influence on an individual‘s behavior
Group Property 3: Status
What determines status?
Status
A socially defined position or rank given to groups or group members by others - it differentiates group members
Determined by: Status Characteristics Theory
Status derived from 1 of 3 sources:
- The power a person wields over others
- The ability to contribute to group goals
- The individual‘s personal characteristics
NOT FINISHED!Describe how status exert influence on an individual‘s behavior
Group Property 3: Status
Status Effects?
Status and Norms
Example: High-status members of groups are often given more freedom to deviate from norms than others.
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