THEMA 3 Thinking
Umea Psychology, cognitive psychology
Umea Psychology, cognitive psychology
-
- 1 / 15
-
Cartes-fiches
methods of solving problems:
trial and error
algorithm
heuristic
trial and error: random guesses, algorithm: logic step-by-step procedure, heuristic: mental shortcut
well-defined problem
clear starting and ending point of the problem
ill-defined problem
more ambiguous starting and ending point of the problem
mental set
nine-dot problem, think out of the box
functional fixedness
gefixeerd op de common use of an object (hairdryer for drying your clothes)
mean-end analysis
formulating subgoals that reduce the distance to the overall goal
classic (normative) view
take all the relevant info into accound, compare costsa and benefits alternatives. too much effort
modern view
heuristics etc.
availability heuristic
how many crimes where with violence
representative heuristic
stereotype, old lady --> grandmother
base-rate heuristic
probability, more medicine students then libririst
conjunction fellacy
mistaken belief that the conjunction of 2 events is more likely then 1
framing
formuleren van een zin met bepaalde sturing naar een antwoord
deductive reasoning
top-down, maud hates cats
inductive reasoning
bottum-up, how does maud feel about cats?
