THEMA 3 Thinking

Umea Psychology, cognitive psychology

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Flashcards	15
Language	English
Category	Physics
Level	University
Created / Updated	21.11.2018 / 21.11.2018
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methods of solving problems:

trial and error

algorithm

heuristic

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

trial and error: random guesses, algorithm: logic step-by-step procedure, heuristic: mental shortcut

well-defined problem

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

clear starting and ending point of the problem

ill-defined problem

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

more ambiguous starting and ending point of the problem

mental set

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

nine-dot problem, think out of the box

functional fixedness

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gefixeerd op de common use of an object (hairdryer for drying your clothes)

mean-end analysis

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= for-/backward,

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formulating subgoals that reduce the distance to the overall goal

classic (normative) view

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

take all the relevant info into accound, compare costsa and benefits alternatives. too much effort

modern view

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

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heuristics etc.

availability heuristic

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= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

how many crimes where with violence

representative heuristic

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= for-/backward,

= scroll

stereotype, old lady --> grandmother

base-rate heuristic

probability, more medicine students then libririst

conjunction fellacy

mistaken belief that the conjunction of 2 events is more likely then 1

framing

formuleren van een zin met bepaalde sturing naar een antwoord

deductive reasoning

top-down, maud hates cats

inductive reasoning

bottum-up, how does maud feel about cats?

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THEMA 3 Thinking

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