hygiene & epidemiology

2nd year / hygiene & epidemiology / old exam questions

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Flip-Modus

WHO recommmends a reduction in sodium intake to reduce blood pressure and risk of cardiovascular diseases, stroke and coronary heart disease in adults. WHO recommends a reductin to:

A. <2 g/day sodium in adults

B. <5 g/day salt in adults

C. <2 g/day salt in adults

D. answer A and B are correct

In both adults and children, WHO recommends reducing the intake of free sugars to:

more then 10% of total energy intake

less than 10% of total energy intake

less than 15% ot total energy intake

more then 15% of total energy intake

Free sugar include:

monosA. saccharides and sisaccharides added to foods and beverages by the manufacturer, cook or consumer

B. sugars aturally present in hony and syrups

C. sugars naturally present fruit juices ans fruit juice concentrates

D. answers A, B and C are correct

The indicator of type of obesity (abdominal/gluteal) is:

A. WHR

B. waist-hip ration

C. in adults it is a ration between waist circumference and hip circumference

D. all of above

BMI is a simple index of weight for height commonly used to classify underweight, overweight and obesity in adults. A patient with a BMI equal to 33 is:

underweight

obese

overweight

proper weight

BMR is not:

the largest single componet of 24-hour energy expenditure in most individuals

energy required for the activity of the internal organs and to maintain body temperature

influenced by factors like: age, sex, body size, body composition, nutrition, physiological and hormonal state, stress and smoking

defined as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in metres

A diet rich in dietary fibre tends to:

decrease fecal weight (by water-holding capacity of fibre, by bacterial grwoth and osmotic effect of bacterial fermentation products in the colonic lumen)

increase intestinal transit time

improve lipid metabolism

decrease caecal bacterial growth ans metabolism

Deficiency of this mineral is liked to low bone density of new-born and maternal osteomalacia:

zinc

iron

calcium

lead