1.3 The Skeletal System
Understand the major function of the skeleton
Understand the major function of the skeleton
Set of flashcards Details
| Flashcards | 61 |
|---|---|
| Language | Deutsch |
| Category | Medical |
| Level | Primary School |
| Created / Updated | 04.02.2013 / 03.01.2019 |
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The bones of the toes and fingers are called....
The phalanges or toes have the same anatomical organisation as the fingers.
What is the latin name for the thumb?
Pollex
What is the latin name for the big toe?
Hallux
What are the three main joint groups and give examples of each
- Synovial joint (Hip)
- Fibrous joint (Cranic)
- Cartilaginous joint (Pubic symphysis on the plevis)
What are the main features of a synovial joint?
Provide a wide range of motion
Give an example of a gliding joint
- end of the clavicles
- between the carpal and tarsal bones
- between the articular facets of adjacent vertebrae
Give an example of a pivot joint
between the atlas and the axis allows you to turn your head to either side
Give an example of a hinge joint
- elbow
- knee
Give an example of a ellipsoidal joint
connect the fingers and toes with the metacarpals and the metatasals
How many types of synovial joint are there in the foot?
There are four synovial joints in the foot
- Intertarsal joints
- Tarsometatarsal joints
- Metatarsophalangeal joints
- Interphalangeal joints
How many bones are there in the body?
The skeletal system is made up of 206 bones
What are the five functions of the skeleton:
- Support structural of the entire body
- Storage of Minerals and Lipids
- Blood Cell Production
- Protection of organs and tissues
- Leverage (Hebelwirkung)
Name the six classes of bones and give an example in each
Bones Example Long Bones upper arm, forearm, tight an lower leg, feet, hand Short Bones carpal and tarsal bones Flat Bones roof ot the skull, sternum, ribs, scapulae Irregular Bones vertebrae, skull Sesamoid Bones patellae Sutural Bones (Wormian bones) skull
Name the two divisions of the skeleton and their functions:
Division of skeleton Function Axial skeleton support and protect organs provides an extensive surface area for the attachment of muscles perform respiratory movemts Appendicular skeleton provide attachment for muscles an ligaments allow movement of the limbs and facilitate locomotion
The bones of the skull can be divided into two groups.
Those that form the ....(1)..... and those that form the ....(2)....
- Cranium
- Face
Which three bones make up the coxa or hip bone?
- Illium
- Ischium
- Pubis
What is a joint?
A joint is formed where two or more bones meet and is classified as being one of the following:
- Synovial
- Fibrous
- Cartilaginous
At what angle (in normal anatomy) does the neck of the femur join the shaft?
The neck joins the shaft at an angle of approximately 125°.
Complete the labels on the following diagram:
- Greater trochanter
- Neck
- Fovea capitis
- Head
- Lesser trochanter
- IIntertrochanteric line
What separates the two condyles on the posterior surface of the distal femur
Interconylar fossa
Fibrous joints have a wide range of movement (True/False?)
False
These joints have virtually no movement. The bones are joined by fibrous tissues.
e.g. Sutures found only in the bones of the skull
Where in the vertebral column is there an absence of an intervertebral disc?
The intervertabral disc ar not found in the sacrum and coccyx, where the vertebrae have fused.
Neither are the found between the fist and second vertebrea
Describe the structure of an interverebral disc
- The anulus fibrosus attach the disc to the bodies of adjacent verebrae.
- The annulus surrounds a soft elastic and gelatinous core known as the cucleus pulpsous
- The nucleus pulposus gives the disc resilience and anables it to act as a shock absorber
What is the function of the interverebral disc?
- The cucleus pulposus gives the disc resilience and enables it to act as a schock absorber.
- Movements of the verebral column compress the nucleus pulposus and displace it.
- This displacement permits smooth muliplanar movements between each verebra, while maintaining the alignment of the verebral column.
Name the tree main joints of the shoulder girdle
- glenohumeral joint
- acromioclavicular joint
- sternoclavicular joint
The glenohumeral joint permits the greatest range of motion in the body:
True
Name the four tendons that form the rotator cuff:
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
- Teres minor
- Subscapularis
Name the following lateral femur anterior parts:
- Patellar surface
- Lateral epicondyle
- Lateral condyle
- Medial condyle
- Medial epicondyle
Which is the longest and heaviest bone in the body?
The femur
The pelvis can be divided into twho areas.
The ...(1)... and the ...(2)...
- false or greater pelvis
- true or lesser pelvis
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