World War II

Government taken over by Nationalists (March 1939)

• Nationals vs. Republicans
• Nationalists
  • Hate communists
  • Church and State
• Republicans
  • Church separate from State
• Communists
  • Wanted freedom
• General Franciso Franco was longest reigning dictator]
• 1936
• Hitler's position strengthened 
• Italy and Germany now allies

Italian Dictator

• Nationalists take over Government (March 1939)
  • Nationalists vs. Republicans
    • Nationals - Church & State
    • Republicans - Church separate from State
• F. Franco was the longest reigning fascists leader
  • Hated communists
    • Communists - Wanted freedom
• Hitler position is strengthened
• Italy and Germany now allies

Italian Dictator

German Dictator

• Aug. 31, 1935
  • Prohibiting exports of "arms, ammunitions, and implements of war" to warring countries.
  • Armed manufacturers must apply for an export liscense.
  • American citizens travel in warring countries at their own risk.
• Feb. 29, 1936
  • Renewed Act until May 1937 and prohibited Americans from loaning to warring countries
• 1937
  • Prohibiting sailing on warring countries' ships
  • No selling arms
  • "Cash & Carry" was allowed
    • Cash only selling

• Participating in Berlin Olympics (1936)
• From Ohio
• Peacock was Owen's rival
• Returned home during Berlin Olympics (WWII) after having replaced Jewish athletes and wasn't able to find work.

An authoritarian and nationalistic right-wing system of government and social organization.

The totalitarian principle of government, predominance of especially Germanic groups assumed to be racially superior.

• Sent America into WWII
  • Japan woke a "sleeping giant"
    • Japan relied on  American resources
      • Oil
      • Steal
      • Scrap Iron
    • Embargo (Trading Ban) hurt Japan

• Gave the president sweeping powers to conduct war
• President controls war contracts
• Censorship allowed
  • Cenorship - controlling media

Office of War Information

The Office of War Information (OWI) was a federal agency established by President Roosevelt's Executive Order 9182 of June 13, 1942, to conduct the government's wartime information and propaganda programs. 

For defense, vegetables, fruits, and herbs planted at private residences and public parks. 

Debt securities issued by a government to finance military operations and other expenditure in times of war.

First women in history to fly America's military aircraft.

• 300 ___s worked on the Manhattan Project
• 40,000 ___s assigned to Air Force 
• "Air ___s"
  • Radio operators
  • Decoders

Moving closer to Japan by taking control of surrounding islands.

Prisoners taken to camp and many died along the way because Japanese felt they should have died fighting (dishonorable not to).

• 3 days long
• Remote Naval and Air Base at Midway Island in Pacific Ocean
• Japanese taken by surprise at scale of American defense
• Pearl Harbor avenged 

Threatened to march on Washington to protest prejudice against lacks in War Employment.

Victory against dictators abroad and racism at home.

Fought like a real soldier and achieved an award most blacks at the time couldn't. 

a Messman Third Class in the United States Navy noted for his bravery during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941.

He was the first African American to be awarded theNavy Cross, the third highest honor awarded by the U.S. Navy at the time, after the Medal of Honor and the Navy Distinguished Service Medal.

Fight & Flight:

• Army War College claimed blacks weren't fit for combat
• Experiment
• Hamston Institute
• Experiment was expected to fail
• Benjamin O. Davis first to earn Silver Wing
• Donald Jones decided to become airmen after seeing men in uniform
• German prisoners of war had more freedom than black soldiers

Executive Order 8802

Cannot discriminate because of creed, race, or ethincity in defense industries.

• Summer (1943 Los Angeles) Mexican Americans were discrininated against by the Armed Forces
• Zoot Suit Attire (Mobster Attire) Attractieee to Americans

Navajo used for their language

• Japanese-American combat team
• Daniel K. Inouye was leader
• (AKA) The Purple Heart Battalion

Out of American fear Japanese Americans were put into camps.

• During World War IIby the United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt on February 19, 1942, authorizing the Secretary of War to prescribe certain areas as military zones.
• Japanese Americans couldn't live near military zones. 

Mass genocide of Jewish people in Germany during WWII

• The ship were 915 Jewish refugees from Germany
• They were denied entry to Cuba the United States and Canada
• Accepted in various European countries
  •  later engulfed in World War II

Proposed United States legislation which would have had the effect of saving the live of 20,000 Jewish children under the age of 14 by bringing them to the United States from Nazi Germany.

Established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in January 1944, was a U.S. executive agency created to aid civilian victims of the Nazi and Axis powers.

Established by President Franklin D. Roosevelt in January 1944, was a U.S. executive agency created to aid civilian victims of the Nazi and Axis powers

Losess at Omaha Beach

End for Nazis

France liberated

Death camps eing uncovered (1944 - 1945)

• Fire Bombings
• After Dresden
• Many died

Final major German offense

Largest bloodiest battle by America in WWII

Japanese suicide bombers

• Leaders
  • FDR
  • Churchill
  • Stalin
• USSR promised return of land continued bombing campaign

Japanese dictator