Psychology
Chapter 2 The Biology of the Mind
Chapter 2 The Biology of the Mind
Kartei Details
| Karten | 143 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Psychologie |
| Stufe | Grundschule |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 16.10.2014 / 16.10.2014 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/psychology
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| Einbinden |
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studying of bumps on the skull and their relationship to mental abilities and character traits
phrenology
Who is Franz Gall
made up phrenology
when did Franz Gall discover phrenology
early 1800s
Phrenology yielded one big idea....
that the brain might have diff areas that do diff things
localization of function
the brain might have different areas that do different things
Biological psychology includes what
neuroscience, behavior genetics, neuropsychology, and evolutionary psychology
all of the subspecialties of biological psychology explore different aspects of:
how the nature of mind and behavior is rooted in our biological heritage
what are the "atoms" of the mind
neurons
nucleus w chromosomes
cell body / soma
these receive information from other neurons
dendrites
these transmit information to other neurons, muscles and glands
axon
insulating layer of fatty material
myelin
what is myelin composed of
glial cells
myelin's function
helps efficient transmission of signals to other cells
gaps in myelin sheath
nodes of Ranvier
junction between on neuron's axon and another's dendrites/cell body
the synapse
what cross the synapse?
neurotransmitters
the role of the synapse
plays a fundamental role in the communication between neurons
first step of action potential
electrical charge gathered by dendrites and cell body
after the celectrical charge is gathered by dendrites and cell body, the electrical charge
travels down the axon to synapse
after the electrical charge hits the synapse it
stimulates the release of neurotransmitters into synapse
when does the electrical charge stimulate the release of neurotransmitters into synapse
only when electrical signal is at a certain level
when the electrical signal is at a certain level
threshold
electrical impulse is the same no matter how much stimulation the neuron receives
all-or-none
after the electrical charge is transmitted, the neuron
returns to resting state
the time following an action potential
the refractory period
can another action potential occur during the refractory period
no
after the action potential reaches +40 mv, ...
membrane channels return to original state
when can the neuron generate another action potential
when the membrane channels return to original state
complex webs of interconnected neurons form w experience
neural networks
"neurons that fire together, _____ _____"
wire together
chemicals used to send a signal across the synaptic gap
neurotransmitters
the chemicals are taken back up into the sending neuron to be used again
reuptake
types of neurotransmitters
acetylcholine (Ach)
dopamine
serotonin
norepinephrine
GABA
Glutamate
Endorphins
enables muscle action, learning, memory
Acetylcholine (Ach)
influences movement, learning, attention and emotion
dopamine
affects mood, hunger, sleep, and arousal
serotonin
helps control alertness and arousal
norepinephrine
a major inhibitory neurotransmitter
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)
a major excitatory neurotransmitter, involved in memory
glutamate
