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Microbiology TEST 2

Lectures 5 - 7

Lectures 5 - 7

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Sprache English
Kategorie Biologie
Stufe Universität
Erstellt / Aktualisiert 28.11.2016 / 06.02.2020
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Chlamydophila pneumonia reservoir 

Chlamydophila pneumonia specific SEROTYPE 

Chlamydophila pneumonia most commonly causes: 

Chlamydophila pneumonia usually is

Chlamydophila pneumonia clinical presentations are also: 

For dectection of chlamydophila pneumonia and psittaci we use: 

For dectection of chlamydia trachomatis we use: 

Legionella pneumophila reservoir 

Legionella pneumophila its morphology 

Legionella pneumophila transmission 

Legionella pneumophila Virulence Factors 

  • facultative intracellular organism -inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion 
  • produce PROTEOLYTIC ENZYMES- (phosphatase,lipase, nuclease) 
  • parasitzie in amebae in the water ( parasite amoebas) 
  • BIOFILMS
  • LPS
  • host factors - cytokines & chemokines, cellular immune response 

Legionella pneumophila causes three specific clinical presentations name them: 

  • legion-naires disease / legionnellosis - severe pneumonia 
  • Pontiac fever - influenza-like illness 
  • asymptomatic - relatively common 

Legionella pneumophila causes legionellosis/ legonnaires disease: 

  • causes severe pneumonia = DESTRUCTIVE PNEUMONIA
  • risk group : >40 years and hospitalized (nosocomial infection) 
  • leading to death in 75% of immunosupp.
  • SYSTEMIC SIGNS:  multiorgan disease = CNS, GI tract, Liver, Kidneys 

Legionella pneumophila causes pontiac fever what is different to legionnaires disease? 

  • is a influenza-like illness 
  • is symptomatic 
  •  caused by hypersensitivity reaction to endotoxin 

Legionella pneumophila can be DIAGNOSED by: 

Name all atypical bacteria:

  • Chlamydophila pneumonia 
  • Chlamydophila psittaci 
  • Chlamydia trachomatis 
  • Legionella pneumophila 
  • Mycoplasma pneumonia - Eatons Agent 
  • Mycoplasma hominis 
  • Mycoplasma genitalium 
  • Ureaplasma Urealyticum 

Name the 2 strictly pathogenic neisseria forms: 

  • neisseria gonor-rhoeae
  • neisseria meningitidis 

Neisseria morphology: 

Neisseria is:

Saprophytic strains of Neisseria RESERVOIR 

  • NATURAL FLORA: mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx, nasopharynx, genitourinary 

Neisseria transmission

Neisseria meningitidis major virulence factor: 

Neisseria meningitidis has a polysaccharide capsule name the relevant serotypes 

Neisseria Meningitidis is also known as 

Meningo-coccus

Neisseria Meningitidis (meningococcus) VIRULENCE FACTORS: 

  • pili - provide resistance to killing by neutrophils 
  • IgA1 protease 
  • able to survive intracellular killing 
  • LOS - lipooligosaccharide - lacks O-antigen 
  • OMVs (outer membrane vesicles) 
  • polysaccharide capsule - A,B,C,W135,X,Y
  • outer membrane proteins - por proteins, Opa proteins, Rmp proteins

Neisseria requires what for growth: 

Neisseria virulence factor the LOS - lipooligosaccharide stimulates what? 

  • stimulates the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha 
  • which causes most of the gonococcal diseases

Which virulence factors of Neisseria cause attachment and penetration into host cells?

  • pilli
  • opa protein 
  • porB protein 

Neisseria Meningitidis usually affects risk groups name them:  

 

Risk groups affected due to lack of specific antibodies against polysaccharide capsule

Neisseria Meningitidis serotype 1. ________ predominately causes in countries 2.________ & 3. _______  the diseases  4._______& 5._______

  • 1. B,C,Y 
  • 2. europa 
  • 3. america 
  • 4. meningitis 
  • 5. meningo-coccemia 

W135 - in chile  - meningitis

A - to 80-85% in Africa - meningitis

Neisseria Meningitidis serotype Y & W135 are most commonly associated with: 

Meningococcus transmission: 

  • inhalation of respiratory droplets 
  • close-contact (army recruits/military barracks) 
  • due to asymptomatic host - STRICT PATHOGEN 

Neisseria Meningitis or meningococcus clinical presentation: 

Neisseria Meningitis can cause MENIGITIS in INFANTS if treated what sort of neurologic sequelae ?

 

If untreated = 100% mortality 

Neisseria Meningitis can cause Septicemia also known as

meningo-cocc-emia

Neisseria Meningitis can cause Septicemia / Meningo-cocc-emia explain

  • life-threatening disease 
  • PETECHIAL RASH - due to release of endotoxin, causing vascular necrosis & hemorrhage into surrrounding skin
  • Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome - acture hemorrhagic adrenalitis - bilateral destruction of adrenal gland 
  • Purpura fulminans 

Neisseria Meningitidis causes in SEPTICEMIA the symptom Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome  explain

  •  acute hemorrhagic adrenalitis
  • it is adrenal gland failure due to bleeding 
  • either bilateral destruction of adrenal gland or  unilateral(less common)

Neisseria Meningitidis causes in SEPTICEMIA the symptom fulminans purpura explain

  • acute, often fatal, thrombotic disorder
  • leading to skin necrosis with DIC ( disseminated intravascular coagulation) 
  • bruising and discolouration of the skin resulting from coagulation in small blood vessels within the skin

Neisseria Meningitidis can cause also other milder syndromes name them:

  • urethritis 
  • arthtirits 
  • pneumonia - meningococcal pneumonia 

Neisseria Meningitidis name predisposing factors:

  • lack of specific antibodies ( infants aged 6month to 2 years) when passive transfer of maternal antibodies wane after 6 month of age 
  • complement deficiency (C5,C6,C7 or C8)

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