Köppen climate zones

polar climate, only 4 months above freezing temperature 

polar climate, only 4 months above freezing temperature 

with ice (Frost)

polar climate, only 4 months above freezing temperature 

with Tundra

moist with enough precipitation and no dry season

feucht

Monsoon, only applies to A climate, dry season in monsoon type cycle

dry season in summer 

dry season in winter, least precipitation is < 1/10 from most precipitation 

dry-hot, average annual temperature > 18°C

only in B climates

dry-cold (kalt), average annual temperature < 18°C

only in B climates

tropical rainforest, very green, many plants, heavy rainfall in all months, temperatures mostly the same, rainfall can vary with seasons, 5-10° latitude from Equator, Doldrums Low Pressure System = ITC all year round 

e.g. Belém(Brazil), Kuala Lumpur(Malaysia), Jupiter(US), Singapore

monsoon winds, rain in monsoon period compensates lack of precipitation in dry season, looks like rainforest

e.g.Manaus, Libreville, Monrovia, Jakarta

seasonal change between wet tropical and dry tropical air masses -> 1 very wet and 1 very dry season, trade winds during dry season, grass land, sparse trees, savannah ecosystem, lions, anthelopes, etc. 

e.g.Cuiaba, Kalemi, Bangkok, Caracas, Jagdalpur 

between deserts and more humid climates, summers are warm, winters are dry, no trees, only grass, steppe, Grasslands

e.g. Ankara, Bulwango, Zaragosa

18°-28° latitude, centered on tropic of Cancer/Capricorn, light winds, seldom rain, hot desert

e.g. Alice Springs, Mekka, Las Vegas, 

colder deserts, continental, mid latitudes

e.g. Cimboy, Sarmiento

moist temperate climate, polar front zone, battle of tropical and polar air masses, more precipitation in summer due to invading tropical air, cold winters caused by polar and arctic air masses moving south, mixed forests

e.g. Zurich, NYC, Atlanta, Buenos Aires, South Africa, Brisbane, Osaka, Ancona

Mediterranean Climate, western sides of continents between 30°-45° latitude, hot dry summers, rainy winters -> only climate which has more precipitation in winter, mediterranean plants like olive trees, figs, citrus trees, pines, cypresses, etc. red soil

e.g. Rome, Athens, Porto, Kerkira, Perth

Chinese climate, temperate climate, dry winter, bamboo, grassland, forests green during summer

e.g. Lhasa, Hongkong, Canton

cold snowy forests, lots of/only needle trees, sontinental climate, long and very cold winters, and short cool summers, biggest temperate range, precipitation increaces in summer, but annual average is small, evergreen fosets, taiga

e.g. Regine, Edmont, Winnipeg, Moskau, Kajaani 

seldom

cold snowy forests, dry winters -> less trees survive, sparse trees, if, then needle trees, open forests

e.g. Jakutsk, 

warmest month between 0°C and 10° C, cold, no trees, green -> grass, tundra

e.g. Reykjavik

all year average temperature below 0°C, no green, frost, ice, no vegetation

e.g. North pole