History of Migration in Australia
A history of Migration in Australia from Federation
A history of Migration in Australia from Federation
Kartei Details
| Karten | 152 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Geschichte |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 16.06.2014 / 01.02.2017 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/history_of_migration_in_australia
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| Einbinden |
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Which was a major camp used to house "enemy aliens" in SA?
Loveday - Riverland SA
Who were "aliens"?
Non-naturalised migrants living in Oz, no citizenship rights
Who was interned during WW2?
Japanese, Italians, Germans, Austrians, generally men
Why were the Japanese "aliens" targeted most for internment during WW2?
difficult to determine political affiliation, did not assimilate, perceived fanatical devotion to homeland
How were people selected for Internment during WW2?
Alien registration cards, informed upon by neighbours, voluntary internment for own protection, lazy malingers who didn't wish to work.
How many refugees were there in Europe at end of WW2?
roughly 12 million
Why were there so many refugees after WW2?
War time labour policies - importation of labour, border changes, communist take over of countries
Which group of refugees were affected significantly by WW2 in Europe?
Eastern poles
Who was responsible for refugees post WW2?
victorious powers (Britain, USSR, USA), Red Cross, UNRRA, IRO
Why was Japan considered to be a major threat to Australia during WW2?
Bombing of Darwin, Submarine attack on Sydney harbour, Japan emerging economic and military power - needs more land
What was the catch phrase of Australia's immigration policy from 1945-1949?
'populate or perish'
Why "populate or perish"?
Declining birth rate, post war reconstruction e.g. snowy hydro electric, trans-national railway, housing, defense
In what year was the Immigration Department created?
1946
During what years did the Displaced Persons scheme run and how many people were accepted?
1947-1952, 170,000 ppl
Why was the displaced persons scheme significant for the 'White Australia policy'?
It changed the ethnic composition of Australia, e.g. 60,000 poles admitted.
Which other countries were accepting displaced persons?
Britain, USA, Canada, NZ
Define Assimilation.
The disappearance of cultural and behavioural characteristics (e.g language, foods, customs) that distinguish migrant groups from the Australian way of life. A two way process of adoption (of our way of life) and suppression (of former identity)
Who expressed strong views about assimilation in the book "They're a Weird Mob" (1957)?
J.P. O'Grady
What are some assumptions about assimilation?
Migrant histories are bad and must be forgotten, you cannot participate unless you speak english, if you do not assimilate you are disloyal and must be plotting against Australia, you cannot be loyal to Australia and another country at the same time.
What are some examples of token 'tolerance' of ethnic diversity?
folk festivals, ethnic restaurants
Who was considered to be eligible for assisted migration?
british agricultural workers, women, families with not too many children
Who was considered to be ineligible for assisted migration?
Sick, disabled, paupers, criminals
Who and what were the 10 pound poms? When were they assisted to come to Australia?
1947 - 10 pound passage for adults from Britain. Paid for by British and Aus govmts. About 1.1.million came, 23% went home.
Describe pre 1975 immigrant settlement patterns
Working class suburbs, inner city or outer fringe green field suburbs
Why was inner city living popular with migrants?
cheap housing (small), close to CBD and public transport
Why were outer suburbs (green field) popular with migrants?
cheap land because of lack of amenities and infrastructure
Name some Melbourne suburbs that were popular with migrants
Fitzroy, brunswick, richmond, collingwood, carlton
name some Adelaide suburbs that were popular with migrants
Thebarton, hindmarsh, st peters, kensington, city.
Why did people fear ethnic ghettos?
less likely to assimilate, crime and violence, fellow Aussies strangers in own land (Blainey)
What are characteristics of 'zones of transition'?
Settle, prosper, move out, replaced.
Which european migrant group were very likely to manage to own their own home?
italians
Which sydney suburb has large Vietnamese ethnic concentrations?
Cabramatta
Why might Vietnamese people want to live in Cabramatta?
near to migrant centres, cheap rental accommodation, near to railway, other vietnamese are there, economy of scale.
What are Blainey's views on assimilation?
Migrants are unwilling to assimilate. Multicultural policies pander to their needs rather than forcing them to assimilate.
In what way could a concentration of ethnic migrants in one area have a political impact?
they could form a voting bloc
What factors could prevent migrants from moving to other areas?
Discrimination (e.g. cannot get a rental) , fear of violence or vilification
Why were people housed in Hostels upon arrival to Australia after WW2?
Housing shortage, ease of processing and security, economy of scale, service provision
What were some alternative names for hostels?
Camp, migrant centre, reception and training centre, work camp, holding centre
Who stayed in Migrant hostels?
Displaced persons, refugees, Assisted migrants, RAAF personnel
what was one of the worst hostels in SA during the 1950's?
Rosewater
