Geschichts-Ex 14.5.14
World War 2 Nazis usw
World War 2 Nazis usw
Kartei Details
| Karten | 19 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Geschichte |
| Stufe | Mittelschule |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 13.05.2014 / 30.08.2016 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/geschichtsex_14_5_14_
|
| Einbinden |
<iframe src="https://card2brain.ch/box/geschichtsex_14_5_14_/embed" width="780" height="150" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe>
|
Fascism
-control (dictatorship)
-isolation against outsiders
-nations interest sbove individual interest
-strength by unity (one stick easy breaks, but tied together they won't)
-Fascists regimes in 1949s: Italy (Mussolini), Germany (Hilter), Spain (Franco)
totalitarianism
the state corntrols all areas of existance:
-politics
-economy
-media
-academic teaching
-education
-free time: compulsory membership in youth organisation
-secret police (NKVD, Gestspo ->Stasi)
-all clubs are streamlined
= a system/remige striving to make everybody the same, the regime imposes ideology on citizens
Hitlers Biography early years
1889-
-Born in Austria
-got on badly with father, bond with mother
-left school with 16
-went to vienna to become painter
-things went wrong for him 1909-1914 down and out on streets of vienna
-during this period developed hate for foreigners and jews
-1914 war broke out, Hitler joined German army, served with distinction (Won Iron cross)
-found it hard to accept armistice
-unable to accept Treaty of Versailles
-despited Weimar democracy, looked back to gloios days of Kaiser
-Stayed in Amry after war, worked for Intellience services
-came across DAP German workers pary and liked ideas and joined 1919
Party Programme 1920
Twenty five point programme:
-abolition of the treaty of versailles
-union of Germany and Austria
-only true germans allowed to live in G. Jews in particular excluded
-large industries and buainesses to be nationalised
-generous provision for old age pensioners
-a strong central government in Germany
How did the Depression help the nazis?
Made german think:
-parlamentary system could not deal with the current (economic) crisis (fell for nazi anti-democratic propaganda
-fear of depression was turned into hate (of system, government and "the Jew")
-(news od terrors of Stalinism (1928-1935) made Germans afraid of Bolshevism)
-relief rganised by the SA helped people in need (after 1933 NS-governemt created jobs for unemployed ("Reichstatsdiesnt")
-depression made US retract their loans to Germany (german economy crashed) and this strengthened anti-Versailles propaganda (which Nazis were experts in)
-that the capitalist system fails and is not worth saving
-middle class has lost savings and in the depression hope of economic advancement
30 january
Hitler appointed chancellor
27 february
Reichstagbuilding destroyed by fire
28 february
decree of reichpresi for protection of nation and state
24 march
enabling act;: law for terminating the suffering of the people and the nation
-emergeny powers to government for four years
-hitler could pss decrees without involvment of presi
needed 2(/3 majority got it (only SPD against, KPD banned)
renewed later
1 april
one day boycott of jewish shops
april
law of restoration of professional civil service (schools unis usw purged of alien elements (jews, political opponets, usw)
may
may-day holiday
int labour day turned into day of nat labour
2.may trade union incorporated into new German Labour Front DAF
july
law against formation of new parties
SPD and KPD already banned, others dissolved themselves
Germany becomes one-party state
october
Reichstag dissolved
november
nazi win 92% of votes
january 1934
law of reconstruction of the state
2 august 34
hindenburg dies, hitlrr becomes ead of state
streamlining
gleichschaltung, every aspect of omnce's daily life is incorporated into a nazi burocracy
Why was there little opposition?
-omnipresent terror and informers
-ubiquitous propaganda (1936colympics demonstrrated Germans acheivements)
-constitution failed to protect ndividual rights (justice/courts dependent on Nazis)
-potential strong opponents:
-Protestant church: streamlined
Catholic church: concordat
-economic fears: state programmes (work, projects) brought people into work and the state provided satisfactioon of basic needs (housing, projects)
-new career opportunities to faithful nazis
