Cranial Nerves

Facial

Glossopharyngeal

Vagus

Accessory

Hypoglossal

The olfactory fibers arise from olfactory epithelium and run through cribriform plate of ethmoid bone to synapse in olfactory bulbs.

Fibers arise from retina of eyes to form the potic nerve and pass through optic cancal of the orbit, Fibers partially cross over at the optic chiasma and continue on to the thalamus as the optic tracts. Finally fibers of this pathway travel from the thalamus to the optic cortex as the optic radiation.

Fibers emerge from dorsal midbrain and course ventrally to enter the oribt. They exit from skull via superior orbital fissure.

The trochlear - fibers emerge from midbrain and exit from skull via superior orbital fissures to run to the eye.

Fibers run from face to pons and from three divisions, which exit separately from skull: mandibular division fibers pass through foramen ovale in sphenoid bone, maxillary division fibers pass via foramen rotundum in sphenoid bone, and ophthalmic division fibers pass through superior orbital fissures of eye socket.

Abducens - fibers leave inferior region of pons ad exit from skull via superior orbital fissure to run to the eye.

Fibers leave pons and travel through temporal bone via internal acoustic meatus, exiting via stylomastoid foramen to reach the face.

Vestibulocochlear - ribers run from internal-ear equilibrium and hearing apparatus, housed in temporal bone, through internal acoustic meatus to enter pons.

Vagus - fibers emerge from medulla and pass through jugular foramen and descend through neck region into thorax and abdomen.

Accessory - fibers arise from medullla and superior aspect of spinal cord and travel through jugular foramen to reach muscles of neck and back.

Hypoglossal - Fibers arise from medulla and exit from skull via hypoglossal canal to travel to tongue.

purely sensory - carries afferent impulses associated with sense of smell.

Purely sensory - carries afferent impulses associated with vision.

SOMATIC: Primarily motor - direct eyeballs - superior eyelid muscles.

parasympathetic - iris and smooth muscle controlling lens shapee  - reflex responses to light.

Primarily motor - provides somatic motor fibers to superior oblique muscles and muscles that move the eyeball.

mixed - major sensory verve of face; conducts sensory impulses from skin of face and anterior scalp, from mucosae of mouth and nose and from surface of eyes. Mandivular division also contains motor fibers that innervate muscles of mastication and muscles of floor of mouth.

Carries somatic motor fibers to lateral rectus muscles that moves the eyeball.

Mixed

SOMATIC -  motor fibers to facial expression muscles

PARASYMPATHETIC - fibers to lacrimal and salivary glands, sensory fibers from taste receptors to anterior portion of the tounge.

Primarily sensory - Sense of equilibrium from vestibular apparatus and semicircular canals.

Cochlear brand - transmits impulses associated with hearing from cochlea.

MIXED

SOMATIC - pharngeal muscles

PARASYMPATHETIC - salivary glands, sensory impulses from pharynx, tonsils, posterior tongue (taste buds), and pressure receptors of carotiod artery.

MIXED

Somatic - motor impulses to pharynx and larynx and sensory fibers from same structures.

PARASYMPATHETIC - motor fibers that supply heart and smooth muscles of abdominal visceral organs; transmits sensory impulses from viserca.

MIXED - primarily motor

SOMATIC - motor fibers to sternocleidomastoid and trapexius muscles to muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and larynx.

MIXED - primarily motor

SOMATIC - carries motor fibers to muscles of tongue.

Person is asked to sniff aromatic substances, such as oil of cloves and vanilla, and to identify each.

- VISUAL FIELDS - eye chart and moving objects in and away from the eyes

Fundus of eyes viewed via opthalmoscope for swelling where the nerve leves the eye (optic disc).

Pupils examined for size, shape and equality. Pupillary reflex is tested with penlight. ability to follow objects with eyes.

tested in common with nerve III.

Test senstation of pain, touch, temp and hot and cold.

Corneal reflex tested with wisp of cotton.

Motor branch tested b askedin person to clench teeth, open mouth against resistance and move jaw side to side.

tested in common with cranial nerve III