AN2 - Airspace Structure / Classification
Airspace strucure and air navigation services
Airspace strucure and air navigation services
Kartei Details
| Karten | 35 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | English |
| Kategorie | Verkehrskunde |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 03.12.2015 / 16.01.2023 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/an2_airspace_structure_classification
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What ICAO Annex 11 Recomendation exists about FIR?
- delineation of airspace should be related to the nature of route structure rather than to national boundaries
- boundaries preferable as straight lines (data exchange)
- if national boundaries -> transfer points (doesn't matter if inside or outside)
What ICAO Annex 11 Standard exists about FIR?
- FIR shall cover all route structure to be served
- FIR shall cover all airspace (exception: UIR)
- vertical limit FIR/UIR = VFR level
- procedures may differ within FIR/UIR
What are the FIR/UIR boundaries in Switzerland?
FIR: GND - FL195
UIR: FL195 - FL660
How does the ICAO Airspace Structure look like?
form GND to top:
uncontrolled airspace - CTR - FIR with CTAs - UIR with UTA
According to what are airspaces classified?
ATS and flight rules
List the different services provided (from highest to lowest)
- ATC (Air Traffic Control Service)
- ADVS (Advisory Service)
- TI (Traffic Information)
- FIS (Flight Information Service)
- ALRS (Alerting Service)
Which airspaces are controlled, which uncontrolled?
controlled: A, B, C, D, E
uncontrolled: F, G
What points are given with the airspace class?
Separation
Service
VMC Minima
Speed Limit
Radio
Clearance
Airspace Class "A" - IFR
Separation: all aircraft
Service: ATC
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: none
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace Class "A" - VFR
none
Airspace Class "B" - IFR
Separation: all aircraft
Service: ATC
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: none
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace Class "B" - VFR
Separation: all aircraft
Service: ATC
VMC Minima: standard
Speed Limit: none
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
What are the standard VMC Minimas?
above FL100:
visibility 8km, vertical distance to clouds 1'000ft, horizontal distance to clouds 1.5km
at and below FL100:
visibility 5km, vertical distance to clouds 1'000ft
Airspace Class "C" - IFR
Separation: all aircraft
Service: ATC
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: none
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace Class "C" - VFR
Separation: VFR - IFR
Service: ATC (separation to IFR) / TI (VFR-VFR)
VMC Minima: standard
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace Class "D" - IFR
Separation: IFR-IFR
Service: ATC / TI (about VFR)
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace Class "D" - VFR
Separation: none
Service: ATC (just for entry clearance) / TI (VFR/IFR)
VMC Minima: Standard
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace "E" - IFR
Separation: IFR - IFR
Service: ATC / TI (about VFR, not garanteed)
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: yes
Clearance: ATC
Airspace Class "E" - VFR
Separation: none
Service: TI (if pilot wants it)
VMC Minima: Standard
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: no
Clearance: no
Airspace Class "F" - IFR
Separation: IFR - IFR (not garanteed, and no clearances)
Service: ADVS
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: yes
Clearance: no
Airspace Class "F" - VFR
Separation: none
Service: FIS
VMC Minima: standard + additional low flying
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: no
Clearance: no
Airspace Class "E" - IFR
Separation: none
Service: FIS
VMC Minima: not applicable
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: yes
Clearance: no
Airspace Class "E" - VFR
Separation: none
Service: FIS
VMC Minima: Standard + additional low flying
Speed Limit: 250kt IAS below FL100
Radio: no
Clearance: no
What are the additional VMC Minimas for low flying?
visibility 5km (can be reduced by local authority but never under 1.5km and 800m for helicopters)
clear of clouds
able to see ground
What airspace classes are currently used in Switzerland?
C, D, E, G
In what differs Switzerland from ICAO according to airspace classes?
G: VMC Minimas for low flying at 2'000ft GND (instead of 1'000ft)
To what do horizontal and lateral limits of an airspace belong according ICAO?
horizontal borders: belong to the lower airspace class
lateral borders: belong to the higher airspace class
How does the Airspace in Switzerland look like?
G -> 2'000ft AGL
Mitelland/Jura:
E -> 2'000ft up to FL100
C -> above FL100 (up to FL660)
Alps:
E -> 2'000ft up to FL130 OR FL150
mil off: E up to FL150, C -> above FL150 (up to FL660)
mil on: C -> above FL130 (up to FL660)
Where is the transponder online border in Switzerland?
7'000ft
Where is the RVSM airspace in Switzerland?
FL290 - FL410
Airspace of France?
GND - FL115: G
FL115 - FL195: D
FL195 - FL660: C
above: G
Airspace of Germany?
special: border belong to upper airspace (not ICAO standard)
GND - 2'500ft: G
2'500ft - FL100: E
FL100 - FL660: C
above: ?
Airspace of Austria?
GND - below TMA: G
below TMA - FL125: E
FL125 - FL195: D
FL195 - State boundary: C
Airspace of Italy?
GND - FL195: G
FL195 - FL460: C
FL460 and above: G
What do O/R, H24, HJ, HO, HX mean?
O/R: on request
H24: 24 hrs
HJ: daytime operation
HO: operator of airspace is deciding
HX: no published operating hrs (can be switched on and off, military, civil)
