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Cartes-fiches 90
Langue English
Catégorie Physique
Niveau Autres
Crée / Actualisé 08.12.2016 / 15.09.2022
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Dihedral of a wing is the angle between:

wing plane and the horizontal with the aeroplane in an unbanked, level condition.

 

Dihedral of a wing is the angle between:

WING PLANE and HORIZONTAL with the aeroplane in an unbanked, level condition.

Taper ratio is the ratio of:

the root chord to the tip chord.

TR: Root Chord to TIP CHORD

The aspect ratio of the wing is:

the ratio between the WING SPAN and the MEAN GEOMETRIC CHORD.

AR is the ratio WING SPAN : MEAN GEOMETRIC CHORD.

The Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC) for a given wing of any planform is

the chord of a rectangular untwisted wing with the same moment and lift.

MAC = The Chord of a rectangular untwisted wing with the same moment and lift.

The angle between the aeroplane longitudinal axis and the chord line is the

angle of incidicne.

Angle between longitudinal axis and the chord line:

Angle of Incidence.

An aerofoil is cambered when:

the line, which connects the centres of all inscribed circles, is curved.

Cambered aerofoil : the line, which connects the centres of all inscribed circles, is curved.

A line connecting the leading- and trailing edge MIDWAY between the upper and lower surface o an aerofoil: This definiton is applicable for 

the camber line.

connecting line between leading and trailing edge midway between the upper and lower surface: the camber line.

The relative thickness of an aerofoil is expressed in:

% chord.

Thickness of aerofoil in "% chord."

The lift- and drag forces, acting on an aerofoil:

depend on the pressure around the aerofoil.

Lift and Drag forces depend on pressure around the aerofoil.

Lift is the component of the total aerodynamic force, perpendicular to the undisturbed airflow.

Lift : component of total Aerodynamic force, perpendicular (senkrecht) to undisturber air/windflow.

An aeroplane's angle of incidence is defined as the angle between the:

longitudinal axis and the wing root chord line.

AoI is the angle between : longitudinal axis and the wing root chord line.

statement about weight or mass:

The weight of a body can determined by multiplying its mass by the acceleration due to gravity.

weight - multiplying - by its mass!

statemant: Mass!

The mass of a body can be determined by dividing its weight by the acceleration due to gravity.

Mass - dividing - weight!

In the SI system the unit of measurement for weight is Newton.

 

SI System: weight = NEWTON!

Mass in the SI-System:

In the SI-System the unit of measurement for mass is the kilogramm.

SI-System: Mass = KG!

Statements about weight or mass:

The mass of an object is independent of the acceleration due to gravity.

The weight of an object depends on the acceleration due to gravity.

Mass = independent

Weight = dependent

In a tube:

an increase in the flow's temperature will decrease the mass flow.

Increasing temperature = decreasing mass flow.

Dihedral of a wing is the angle between:

the wing plane and the horizontal with the aeroplane in an unbanked, level condition.

Dihedral of a wing is the angle between: 

wing plane and the horizontal with the aeroplane in an unbanked, level condition.

Aspect Ratio of a wing is the ratio between:

wing span squared and wind area.

AR = wing span² : wing area

Wing sweep angle is the angle between:

the quarter-chord line of the wing and the lateral axis.

Wing sweep angle: angle between quarter-chord line and lateral axis.

The mean geometric chord of a wing is the:

wing area divided by the wing span.

The mean geometric chord:

wing area / wing span.

Statement S.P.:

As the angle of attack increases, the stagnation point on the wing's profile moves downwards.

AoA increases = S.P. goes down!

The stagnation point is the point:

where the velocity of the relative airflow is reduced to zero.

S.P. = velocity is 0!

If in a two-dimensional incompressible and subsonic flow, the streamlines converge the

static pressure in the flow will: decrease.

convergent streamlines = static pressure decreases.

How are the speeds at point 1 and 2 related to the relative wind/airflow V?

 

V1 = 0 and V2 > V

When airflow over a wing becomes supersonic (Überschall), the pressure pattern on the top surface will become irregular.

supersonic over a wing = pressure becomes irregular.

The point where the aerodynamic lift acts on a wing is:

the centre of pressure.

 

point where aerodynamic lift acts on a wing = C.P.

The point where the single resultant aerodynamic force acts on an aerofoil, is called:

Centre of Pressure.

The point where the single resultant aerodynamic force acts on an aerofoil...

The point where the aerodynamic lift acts on a wing is...

CENTRE OF PRESSURE!

The location of the centre of pressure of a positively cambered aerofopil section at increasing

AoA will:

shift forward until approaching the critical angle of attack.

*approcahing = annähernd

AoA increases = C.P. moves forward until approaching AoAcrit.

Lowering the inboard flaps causes the wing centre of pressure:

to move inboard towards the wing root.

Senkung der innenliegenden Klappen verursachen an dem C.P des Flügels folgendes:

das C.P bewegt sich nach innen richtung Flügelansatz.

=> Lowering inboard flaps = CP moves ONLY inboard toward the wing roots.

A pitch up could cause by:

forward movement of the C.P. (centre of pressure)

Pitch up = CP moves forward.

Assuming no flow seperation, when speed is decreased in straight and level flight on a positively cambered aerofoil, what happens to the:

 

I. centre of pressure?

II. the magnitude of the total lift force?

I. Centre of pressure moves forward

II. remains constant (because its irrelevant in this case)

When speed increases in straight and level flight on a positively cambered aerofoil, what happens to the:

I. centre of pressure

II. magnitude of the total lift?

I.    C.P moves aft

II.   remains constant

Assuming no flow effect and no compressibility effects the location of centre of pressure of a positively cambered aerofoil section:

Centre of pressure moves backwards when AoA decreases.

Centre of pressure moves backwards when AoA decreases.

Assuming no flow seperation and no compressibility effects the location of the aerodynamic centre of an aerofoil section:

is independent of angle of attack.

aerodynamic centre is independent of AoA.

Assuming no flow seperation and no compressibility effects the location of the centre of pressure of a symmetrical aerofoil section:

is at approximately 25% chord irrespective* of angle of attack.

*rücksichtslos

 centre of pressure of a symmetrical = 25% chord irrespective of AoA.

Assuming no flow seperation and no compressibility effects the location of the
centre of pressure of a symmetrical aerofoil section:

is independent of angle of attack.

centre of pressure of a symmetrical aerofoil section :
is either at approximately 25% chord irrespective of AoA or is independent of AoA!

The lift force acting on aerofoil:
(no flow seperation)

is mainly caused by suction* on the upperside of the aerofoil.

*Absaugung

 

The lift force acts upperside of the aerofoil because of suction.

Lift is generated when:

the flow dircetion of a certrain mass of air is changed.

see above.

correct statement about the CI and angle of attack:

for a symmetric aerofoil, if angle of attack = 0, CI = 0!

symmetric aerofoil: AoA = 0,    CI = 0.