Supply chain

Supply Chain: “In summary this suggests that the supply chain covers all processes throughout the product lifecycle, including the physical, informational, financial and knowledge-based processes for moving products and services (from suppliers through to end users)”. (Poluha, 2016, S. 14)

In order to increase the efficiency of a supply chain, and thus added value, the entire flow of materials, services, information and financial resources must be monitored, measured and steered → Supply Chain Management

«SCM […] represents an integrative functional area which is primarily responsible for the connection of the main business functions and processes within an organization, as well as those of other businesses that are involved in the supply chain, in order to form a concept in the shape of a consistent and high-performing business model». (Poluha, 2016, S. 35)

Balancing supply and demand! Central question:

–While considering customer requirements, cost and the supplier network, how can a company create a balance between the supply side (stock levels, manufacturing and transport capacities, etc.) and the demand side?

Networked technologies change conditions and require increasingly faster action

Example «3-D Printing» «Robotics Automation» 

e.g. fully-networked railway infrastructure belonging to SBB, BLS, RHB, etc.

«Working and Fighting Machines» e.g. transport drones employed by the Swiss Post

Typical Elements of the Supply Chain

Supplier-centric approach: Supply chain as a network of suppliers producing goods.

Customer-centric approach: a supply chain consists of all the levels required (direct or indirect) to fulfill a customer request.

Combining these approaches leads to more comprehensive approach: Systematic coordination between all required parties.

–to balance supply and demand

–to supply the market with products and services

–Operational goal: lowest possible costs and highest possible speed

–Ultimate goal: Satisfying customer needs