Woche 11
Mittlerer Osten
Mittlerer Osten
Fichier Détails
| Cartes-fiches | 18 |
|---|---|
| Langue | Deutsch |
| Catégorie | Gestion d'entreprise |
| Niveau | Université |
| Crée / Actualisé | 29.11.2023 / 03.01.2024 |
| Lien de web |
https://card2brain.ch/box/20231129_woche_11_mittlerer_osten
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| Intégrer |
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What is the Arab League?
- Regional organization of Arab Countries in and around the Middle East/North Africa with seat in Kairo.
What is the purpose of the Arab league?
- Strengthening relations between member states
- Coordination of policies in order to achieve co-operation
- 350 Millionen citizens
What are common points of the Arab league?
- Arab language as their national language
- Minority language: Kurdish (Iraq, Syria) Amazigh (Morocco, Algeria), Sawahili (Somalia)
What is the Gulf Cooperation Council and which countrys does it include?
- Regional intergovernmental political and economic union established in 1981 and consisting of:
- Kuwait / Bahrain / Qatar / Oman / Saudi Arabia / United Arab Emirates
What are the objectives of the Gulf Cooperation Council?
- Formulating similar regulations in various firlds such as finance, trade customs, tourism, legislation, administration
- Fostering scientific and technical progress
- Unified military (Peninsula Shield Force)
- Encouraging cooperation of the private sector
- Strengtening ties between their citizens
- Establishing a common currency
What common things do the countries share?
- Natural Resources
- Rulde by royal families
- Sea Access
- Wealthieness
- lack of water (mostly desert)
In which Diversity Programms, does GCC invest?
- Global Tourism Hub - NEOM
- Net-Zero Emissions by 2050
- World largest Hydrogen Project (specialise in power generation and desalination)
- 7 billion deal with Oman Oil and Air Products to produce green hydrogen in Oman
Why is the region of Middle East so important in today's golbal world?
- Centralized geographical position
- Development of the demography
- Natural resources
- What are Choke Points?
- There are 7 chokepoints worldwied. how many in the Middle East?
- Stratigic points that controll the flow of movement: people, resource, information. Often of georapfical narrow passes.
Why is the Middle-East so important?
- Geostrategic Location between Asia, Europe and Africa
- Historical Trading Region
- Referred to as the "Cradle of Civilization"
- Birthplace of three monotheistic world religions
- Rich in natural resources
- Powerful legacy of European colonialism
Saudi Arabia and the UAE hve the 4th and the 5th largest migrant populations in he world:
What are the consequences of inflow (migration)?
- Outgoing remittances (Überweisungen) of 80 Billion Dollars/year - people dont spend money in the ME, the send it home
- Tension with origin countries
- Social and cultural issue
- Losing identity - All people speak english
4 Reasons for migration from/trough the region
What are the consequences?
- Brain drain (emigration/outflow of skilled individuals due to better opportunities)
- Political Instability
- Security
- Economic hardship in the homeland
Consequences: - Security
- Cultural identity
- stagnation
whats "shaky borders"?
"Shaky borders" refers to borders or boundaries between countries or regions that are unstable, uncertain, or subject to geopolitical tensions. The term implies a lack of stability or security in the delineation of these borders, often due to political, social, or historical factors.
What are the major reasions for the actual instable situations in ME countries:?
- Political: Invasions and colonial period - rulers /(military) and centralized autocratic systems = instability = increased military budget = increased authoritarism = leadership conflicts (Middle Eats counries defence spending ca 920 Billion from 2014-202
- Change of trading routes and Europe access to new economic zones (America/Australia) = less income in and for ME = less power/controll = less and slower development
- Intellectual regression: Missed the printing revolution (lack of bocks) & Industrial revlution (lack of vision, capital, knowledge/wealth) = loss of intellectual flexibility due to autocratic regimes = intervention into the education system
- Environmental regression: due to climate change, wars and instability = less use of lands and less income generation
- Social changes due to political reasons, instability and intellectual regression = migration from rural (ländlich) to urban = less acricultural products = degradation of environment = Vulnerable food security = migration/disintration = impact on education
Which 3 problems faces all Arab countries?
- Subsidies: For energy and oil = Very important, other than that people cant afford food
- Corruption: Networks/Institutionalized/Change in values
- Military&Security: Security Expenditures, Weapons & ammunition, training, military bases
For exapmle: In Syra every young perosn is working minimum 5 years for the government (not efficient for economy)
Major costs of wars and refugees/displaced persons
Elements of cultural identity:
Describe the framework of Islam / cultural identity
The framework in a nutshell
