Navigation
Tu Dresden 2021
Tu Dresden 2021
Set of flashcards Details
| Flashcards | 108 |
|---|---|
| Language | Deutsch |
| Category | Technology |
| Level | University |
| Created / Updated | 08.02.2021 / 12.02.2021 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/20210208_navigation
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Errors and AccuracyDead Reckoning
inertia units- levels of integration
AHRS
integrated navigation
ADAHRS
application as reference system for attitude, without azimuthal or navigational features (Attitude Heading Reference System –AHRS)
slight integration of the IRS system for attitude determination and -control with navigation function as independent function unit within a multi sensor concept (integrated navigation)
full integration of the IRS system with GPS via shared error model and Kalmanfilter or as integrated unit with air data computer (Air Data and Inertial Reference System –ADIRS or Air Data/Attitude Heading Reference System -ADAHRS)
Definition GNSS
GNSS ... Global Navigation Satellite Systems allow a constant determination of position and velocity of any moving or non moving object, independent from the current weather situation →hence worldwide navigation is possible with high accuracy and precise time information
GNSS ground segment
ground segment:
−direct control and operation of satellites −generation of navigational data for real-time navigation
(−observation of satellite orbits and extrapolation of trajectory data−observation of satellite clocks and extrapolation of its behaviour −transmission of these predictions to satellites for forwarding to the user segment)
An orbit is defined by
length of the semi-major axis a
orbital eccentricity ε with (b ... semi-minor axis)
right ascension of ascending node omega
argument of perigee w
inclination i
the true anomaly
radial vector is the connecting line between geometer and satellite
was ist der almanac
einmal pro woche veröffentlichte position von satelluten
Ephemerides
sat navigation - pseudo range
sat navigation why 5 satellites
1-4 um generelle position im raum feststellen + 5.er um zeit verschiebung (unschärferadius zu korrigieren) (gegen uhren fehler des receivers)
sat navigation was ist der PRN code
Correlation function
GNSS Content of the Navigation Message
GNSS errors and accuracy
"geometry of satellite constellation" -> ungünstige lage bezogen auf receiver
GNSS SBAS
GNSS GBAS
GNSS Augmentation Systems and Application
accuracy
adventages of GLS vs ILS
Navigation Strategies Accuracy - wichtig
Level of accordance of actual from intended aircraft position, usually expressed statistically with a confidence interval of 95%
Navigation Strategies Integrity - wichtig
das luftfahrzeug ist in der lage festzustellen, ob grenzen überschritten werden und davor warnt
Navigation Strategies Continuity - wichtig
Ability of navigation system during operation to remain in service without unpredicted malfunctions (minor failure condition)
Navigation Strategies Availability - wichtig
Ability of navigation system to provide all necessary information at the beginning of a selected operation
Navigational Accuracy -lateral + total error - wichtig
Navigational Accuracy -lateral
Navigational Accuracy -longitudinal
RNAV
Random Navigation resp. Area Navigation (RNAV) is a navigation process where an aircraft operates on any intended flight track within the range of ground navigation facilities or with autonomous on board navigation systems or with the help of satellite navigation
−continuous position determination with usage of one or more sensors for determination and to ensure compliance to intended flight track
RNAV vorteile
→improvement of safety and capacity of airspace
→improvement of efficiency by reducing the distances flown and improved prediction for flight information and gate management (airline)
→reduction of fuel consumption and emissions
→reduction of operating costs for ground navigation equipment
PBN
basically
RNAV + on board self contained performance monitoring and alerting
also flugzeug schätzt selbst ein ob es in der genauigkeit liegt -> prüft navigations genauiogkeit
RNAV Fly By Waypoin
Fixed Radius Path (FRP)
