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E-Business

E-Business class at FHNW CH, course of studies = BITlecturer: Uwe Leimstoll and Christoph Pimmer

E-Business class at FHNW CH, course of studies = BITlecturer: Uwe Leimstoll and Christoph Pimmer

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Karten 221
Lernende 12
Sprache English
Kategorie BWL
Stufe Universität
Erstellt / Aktualisiert 21.09.2020 / 23.11.2024
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Which concrete statements or messages can you gather from the business scenario in the Schindler case study

 

 

 

  • The business scenario describes only a small part of the business of Schindler: the processes around the purchase-to-pay process for direct goods (elevator components and carrier services) including the electronic exchange of documents with suppliers.
  • The business scenario also shows the task distribution with the service providers SupplyOn and authentidate, which are responsible for services connected to the electronic document exchange.
  • On the side of Schindler and the suppliers the business scenario is strongly simplified, e.g. there is a focus on the most relevant processes and groups of partners. jCatalog is ot included because this service provider is not necessary for purchasing direct goods.

What is the use of a process view?

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  • The process view deals with selected process areas which are described in detail. (The business scenario contains only an overview of the project-relevant processes, primarily to demarcate the project.)
  • The text-based description of the process view is supported by a figure in the notation of the “extended event-driven process chain” (eEPC).
  • The process view deepens the information regarding the processes and tasks or functions which are relevant in the context of a project.
  • The eEPC supports the description of the process view.
  • Beside the flow of tasks and functions it should become clear how the information systems represent and support the processes.
  • Process links are of great significance, in particular between the involved organisational units. With the definition of process links, exact descriptions of the process conditions or situations are needed.
  • Details on what is important for the execution and how to measure the process quality are considered desirable.

 

 

What are model elements of the event-driven process chain(EPC)?

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  1. Process: A process is the specification of a sequence of tasks which is defined for the production of a product or service. Every process has a start event and an end event.
  2. Event: An event is an achieved condition which is relevant in the respective context. An event can trigger tasks. However, it is passive itself and neither needs time nor costs.
  3. Task: A task is a coherent bundle of activities which contributes to the overall added value with a defined (pre-)product or service. A complex task can be shown in more detail in a separate graphic.
  4. Control flow: The control flow describes the temporal and logical dependences between events and tasks.
  5. Connectors: Connectors indicate logical operations at process splits and reunifications: AND: and connector / conjunction OR: and/or connector / adjunction XOR: either-/or connector / disjunction DT: decision table
  6. Process link: A process link shows that another process is initiated at this point.

 

 

What is EPC?

The Event-driven Process Chain (EPC)

  • The event-driven process chain (EPC) is a methodology to depict business processes in connection with information systems.
  • The EPC contains activities as well as events. That’s a difference compared to other flow charts.
  • The depiction of the order of the tasks or functions equals the control flow of the system. The connections between the elements show the control flow.
  • Every EPC chart contains start and end events. Sometimes also intermediate events are used. These events give the EPC its name.
  • Events are newly achieved conditions or situations. They can be seen in the current data related to the process

What are element of eEPC?

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Wha is eEPC?

The Extended Event-driven Process Chain (eEPC)

  • The meaningfulness of a process figure can be increased by additional categories of information. The extended event-driven process chain (eEPC) contains supplementary information, e.g. the involved organisational units (organisational view) and information systems (system view), input and output activities (process link view), affected information objects (data view).
  • The description of an information system with the categories control, functions, data and organisation equals the ARIS (Architecture of Integrated Information Systems) methodology. SAP used this methodology to document its processes. Thus this notation was spread all over the world.
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Which concrete statements or messages can you gather from the figures of the process view in the Schindler case study

 

 

 

  • The whole process takes place in the Direct Order Centre (DOC)
  • Several information systems are involved:
    • SAP SD (sales module, creation of internal customer orders),
    • The SAP-based configuratior (creating purchase requisitions),
    • SAP MM (material management module, creating and processing purchase orders and transport orders as well as
    • The information systems of the service provider SupplyOn.
  • The process of the initiation of orders is automated to a large extend, e.g. the incoming order confimation is automatically compared with the purchase order.

Describe the Application view of the e-business model?

  • Processes use functions and data which are provided by information systems.
  • The application view shows how the business logic – in the form of functions and data – can be distributed to several applications (information systems).
  • The figure “application view” supports the textual description of the application view.

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Which elements does the figure of the application view contain?

 

 

 

  • The application view shows the distribution of the business logic (in the form of functions and data) to the involved applications (application systems, information systems).
  • The application view assigns the involved applications to the involved roles or parties. Links between the applications show access options and integrations.
  • Thus, the application view shows the distribution of the most important functions and data to the involved applications. This is useful for the understanding of responsibility areas, dependencies and risks.
  • An application is seen as a logical unit in the sense of the operator. The figure shows the application level, the data level and the client level (see next slide).
  • The application view does not show a possible distribution of an application to several technical systems.

What is the logical three tier system model and symbols?

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What are Forms of Integration in the Logical System Model? What are the connections? Make a simple example

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Which concrete statements or messages can you gather from the figures of the application view in the Schindler case study?

 

 

 

  • The service provider SupplyOn plays a certain role in the purchase-to-pay process. All exchange processes run via SupplyOn. There is no direct connection between Schindler and the suppliers.
  • SupplyOn offers direct B2B integration (classical EDI) as well as Web EDI. Direct B2B integration connects ERP systems. Suppliers can send and receive different document formats according to their needs.
  • On the side of Schindler, the different involved modules of the ERP system are shown. These modules are functionally integrated using one common database. For the communication with SupplyOn only the SAP standard format Idoc XML is used.

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Which concrete statements or messages can you gather from the figure of the technical view in the LeShop case study

 

 

 

  • LeShop uses a widely centralised information technology. Most systems are operated by Migros IT services, e.g. backend system, database, call center, online shop.
  • Decentralised systems are operated in the logistics centres in Ecublens and Bremgarten, e.g. development system and analysis tool. The backend system is also operated there to secure availability in case of network interruptions
  • The leshop locations are connected with Migros IT services via VPN.  External suppliers, business partners and customers are connected via Internet.

What does the technical view describe and compare this to the application view?

  • In practice, the technical operation of application systems is often distributed to several technical platforms( platform = hardware + operating system).
  • The technical view describes the distribution of the applications to technical platforms, their physical locations and their integration into a network or several connected networks.
  • In contrast to this: The application view considers an application (e.g. an ERP system) as a logical unit in the sense of the user (the organisation operating the system).

Is it possible for a company to create sustainable competitive advantage using information technology?

Answer in a coherent text with complete sentences! Think of the significance of information technology and explain under which conditions sustainable competitive advantage can be created. (5P)

Information technology in the sense of hardware, operating systems and standard software can be quite easily procured and is therefore not suitable for the creation of sustainable competitive advantage. (max 2 points)

Sustainable competitive advantage can be achieved, if information technology is connected with a USP, e.g. know-how, data or specific organisational structures, which cannot be procured or imitated easily. Information technology can then have the effect of an intelligence amplified. The intelligence lies in the business concept. The business concept has to be continually further developed to maintain the advantage. (Max. 4P).

The impact of e-business can be reduced to four effect patterns. Name three effect patterns and explain how they create benefit. Give a concrete example for each.  (6P)

  • Information effect (0.5P): information can be seen as a resource. E-business systems can extend the access to information and thus provide or improve the capability to decide and act (1P). Example (0.5P): the worldwide reference database for music suppliers at Musik Hug or the multi-vendor catalogue at Rotonic with availability information.
  • Brokerage effect (0.5P): Electronic media connect supply and demand, allow manual or automated selection and decision making (1P). Example (0.5P) the virtual community oelpooler for jointly ordering oil or the cooperation platform IFIS Uno at Verein IFIS.
  • Integration effect (0.5P): companies overcome their system boundaries. A system has automatic access to independent other systems and uses their functions and data (1P). Example (0.5P): LetMeShip (multi-carrier system), SBB offerings including hotels and events, virtual companies.

An e-commerce transaction can be divided into five phases. Tick the answer with the correct sequence of the phases. 1P

  1. Information phase - Agreement phase - fulfilment phase (settlement phase) - after-sales phase - animation phase
  2. Animation phase - information phase - fulfilment phase (settlement phase) - agreement phase- after-sales phase
  3. Animation phase - information phase - agreement phase- fulfilment phase (settlement phase) - after-sales phase

Correct answer is number 3.

An e-commerce transaction can be divided into five phases. Tick the answer with the correct sequence of the phases.

  1. Information phase - Agreement phase - fulfilment phase (settlement phase) - after-sales phase - animation phase
  2. Animation phase - information phase - fulfilment phase (settlement phase) - agreement phase- after-sales phase
  1. Animation phase - information phase - agreement phase- fulfilment phase (settlement phase) - after-sales phase

 

2P.

Which of the following processes are assigned to the Information phase?

  1. The customer identifies a suitable product in the product catalogue.
  2. The supplier informs the customer by telephone that orders can be placed via the online shop.
  3. The supplier sends an order confirmation to the customer.
  4. The customer looks for the availability of a certain product in the online shop of a supplier.
  5. The customer selects her/his preferred payment method.
  6. The customer tries to get an overview over the range of goods of an online shop.
  7. Customer and supplier agree on the time and kind of delivery.
  8. The customer fills the shopping basket.

Which of the following processes are assigned to the Information phase? 1,4,6,8

  1. The customer identifies a suitable product in the product catalogue.
  1. The supplier informs the customer by telephone that orders can be placed via the online shop.
  2. The supplier sends an order confirmation to the customer.
  1. The customer looks for the availability of a certain product in the online shop of a supplier.
  1. The customer selects her/his preferred payment method.
  1. The customer tries to get an overview over the range of goods of an online shop.
  1. Customer and supplier agree on the time and kind of delivery.
  1. The customer fills the shopping basket.

2P. Define the term e-procurement according to our understanding

E-procurement is the support of business relationships (0.5P and processes (0.5P) of a company with is suppliers(0.5P) using networked information technology (0.5P)

Which of the following disadvantages of a buy-side e-purchasing solution with multi-vendor catalogue are, from the buyer's perspective, partially eliminated by using a PunchOut integration? 2P

  1. Low update frequency of prices, terms and conditions
  2. Upfront investment
  3. No product specific presentation
  4. Limited or no product configuration
  5. No availability information
  6. Maintenance costs

Right answers are: 1, 3, 4, 5

  1. Low update frequency of prices, terms and conditions
  1. Upfront investment
  1. No product specific presentation
  2. Limited or no product configuration
  3. No availability information
  1. Maintenance costs

WebEDI is a variation of EDI that allows to realise specific benefits for the supplier and the buyer. Describe two benefits of the supplier when the supplier uses WebEDI. 4P

  • Suppliers, which are not EDI ready, can gain access to automated systems through a browser and receive and send electronic business messages. (max. 2P)
  • Suppliers using Web EDI save costs for initial investments and keep the complexity of their IT low (max. 2P)
  • Web EDI is a first step to become familiar with Edi and electronic processes, e.g. for small or inexperienced companies. (max. 2P)

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