Neuroplastizität
Plastizität
Plastizität
Kartei Details
| Karten | 21 |
|---|---|
| Sprache | Deutsch |
| Kategorie | Psychologie |
| Stufe | Universität |
| Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 18.12.2017 / 18.12.2017 |
| Weblink |
https://card2brain.ch/box/20171218_neuroplastizitaet
|
| Einbinden |
<iframe src="https://card2brain.ch/box/20171218_neuroplastizitaet/embed" width="780" height="150" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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Xenomelie
Show reduced cortical surface area in
-the primary+ secondary somatosensory cortices
-inferior parietal lobe
And reduced cortical thickness in the superior parietal lobe
Professional pianists
Primary and secondary motor areas (M1, SMA, pre-SMA, CMA) were to a much lesser degree activated in professionaö pianists (strongest for the pre-SMA + CMA)
"Weniger aktivität in mesiofrontalen hirnbereichen bei Pianisten während bimanualem Tapen"
Modulation von Assoziationen (visuell-auditorisch) (Jäncke et al., 2004)
-no activation in primary auditory cortex during imagination
-activatioin planum temporaöe and superior temporal gyrus
3 monatiges Lernen fürs Physikum
Zunahme der Dichte der grauen Substanz in parietalen Strukturen (right posterior and lateral parietal cortex) und im Hippocampus (left hippocampus)
Extremity amputees (draganski, 2006)
Decreased GM in the posterolateral ventral nucleus of the thalamus controlateral (dort wo Bahnen umgeleitet werden zum S1)
Restless legs syndrome
Increased GM density in the thalamus bilaterally
Mathematicians
Increased GM volume in the right inferior parietal cortex and positive correlation with the time spent as mathematicians
Professional golfers
- Increased GM volume in the parietal and premotor cortex
- decreased WM volume in the right corticospinal tract and left external capsule
-decreased FA in both corticospinal tracts and both internal capsule
Visuospatial cognition
Female: positive correlation with parietal GM volume
Male: positive correlation with parietal WM volume
Kleine Gehirne
Mehr GM
Gaussian classifier array: spatial information used in classification
1. Number of possible anatomical classes at a given global position is small
2. Neuroanatomical structures occur in a characteristic spatial pattern relative to one another (amy is located anterior to hippoc.)
3. Tissue classes have spatially heterogeneous MRI properties that vary in a spatially predictable fashion
Grapheme-colour synaesthets
Increased cortical volume, thickness and surface are in the
-fusiform
-lingual and calcarine cortex
Inferior fronto-occipital fascicle
Frontal-external capsule-parietal-occipital
Superior fronto-occipital fascicle
Frontal-parietal-internal capsule
Inferior longitudinal fascicle
Temporal pole-occipital pole
Superior longitudinal fascicle
Insular pole- Broca-wernicke-temporal
Uncinate fascicle
Orbitofrontal -temporal
Professional musicians
Lower FA of the corticospinal tracts in musicians compared with controls (links, der die dominante Hand steuert)
Juggling 3 month
Bilateral gray matter expansion in the medial temporal visual area (v5)
-extent reduced after 3mt without juggling
-left posterior intraparietal sulcus increased
Juggling 7 days
-increased GM in V5
-changes were larger in initial learning phase than during continued learning
2 hours training on a spatial navigation task (Sagi, 2012)
-reduction in mean diffusity in the left hippocampus, and left and right parahippocampus
-increase in FA in the left parahippocampus, right supramarginal/angular cortex, right superior temporal gyrus, right amygdala- left pulvinar
