Psychology
Exam 2 Study Guide
Exam 2 Study Guide
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Cartes-fiches
part of the brain linked to memory
hippocampus
cells that protect neurons
glial cells
where is the sensory cortex located
front of the parietal lobes
where is the motor cortex located
rear of the frontal lobe
where is the auditory cortex
temporal lobe
where is the visual cortex
occipital lobe
examples of depressants
alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates
drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
depressants
drugs that speed up body functions
stimulants
what kind of processing is perception
top-down
what kind of processing is sensation
bottom-up
analysis that begins w the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
bottom-up
information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expecations
top-down processing
what are the perceptual constancies
color
brightness
shape
the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time
absolute threshold
color, brightness, and shape are parts of which processing
perceptual
the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50% of the time
(noticeable difference)
difference threshold
diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation
sensory adaptation
retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray;
necessary for peripheral and twilight vision
rods
retinal receptor cells that are concentrated near the center of the retina and that function in daylight or in well-lit conditions
cones
the theory that the retina contains three diff color receptors
tri-chromatic theory
which color receptors does the trichromatic theory suggest
red
green
blue
the theory that opposing retinal processes enable color vision
ex. some cells stimulated by greed and inhibited by red
opponent-process theory
the chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones that concentrate the vibrations of the eardrum on the cochlea's oval window
middle ear
the part of the ear that contains the cochlea, semicircular canals, and vestibular sacs
inner ear
coiled, bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear
cochlea
outer ear
eardrum
bones in the middle ear
hammer
anvil
stirrup
hair cells in the cochlea do what
transduce signals
a sweet taste indicates
energy
a salty source indicates
essential sodium
sour taste indicates
possible toxic acid
bitter taste indicates
possible poison
umami taste indicates
protein
sense of touch is actually a mix of what skin senses
pressure
warmth
cold
pain
the system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts
kinesthesis
the sense of body movement and osition, including the sense of balance
vestibular sense
