Psychology
Exam 2 Study Guide
Exam 2 Study Guide
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Flashcards
neurons that carry incoming information from the sensory receptors to the brain and spinal cord
sensory neurons
neurons that carry outgoing information from the brain and spinal cord to the muscles and glands
motor neurons
neurons within the brain and spinal cord that communicate internally and intervene between the sensory inputs and motor outputs
interneurons
the division of the peripheral nervous system that controls the body's skeletal muscles
somatic nervous system
the part of the peripheral nervous system taht controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs
autonomic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses the body, mobilizing its energy in stressful situations
sympathetic nervous system
the division of the autonomic nervous system that arouses
sympathetic
the division of the autonomic nervous system that calms
parasympathetic
nervous system that controls self-regulated action of internal organs and glands
autonomic
nervous system that controls voluntrary movements of skeletal muscles
somatic
the lobe involved in speaking and muscle movements and in making plans and judgments
frontal lobe
portion of the cerebral cortex lying at the top of the head and toward the rear; receives sensory input for touch and body position
parietal lobe
part of the cerebral cortex lying at the back of the head; includes areas that receive info from the visual fields
occipital lobe
portion of the cerebral cortex lying roughly above the ears; includes the auditory areas, each receiving info primarily from the opposite ear
temporal lobe
part of the brain w ultimate control and info-processing center
cerebral cortex
part of the brain relays messages between lower brain centers and cerebral cortex
thalamus
part of the brain that controls maintenance functions such as eating; helps govern endocrine system; linked to emotion and reawrd
hypothalamus
master endocrine gland
pituitary
part of the brain that helps control arousal
reticular formation
part of the brain that helps coordinate movement
pons
part of the breain that controls breathing and heartbeat
medulla
pathway for neural fibers traveling to and from brain; controls simple reflexes
spinal cord
coordinates voluntary movement and balance and supports memories of such
cerebellum
part of the brain linked to emotion
amygdala
part of the brain linked to memory
hippocampus
cells that protect neurons
glial cells
where is the sensory cortex located
front of the parietal lobes
where is the motor cortex located
rear of the frontal lobe
where is the auditory cortex
temporal lobe
where is the visual cortex
occipital lobe
examples of depressants
alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates
drugs that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
depressants
drugs that speed up body functions
stimulants
what kind of processing is perception
top-down
what kind of processing is sensation
bottom-up
analysis that begins w the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information
bottom-up
information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expecations
top-down processing
what are the perceptual constancies
color
brightness
shape
the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50% of the time
absolute threshold
color, brightness, and shape are parts of which processing
perceptual
