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PRIN401 WEEK 7

fuel metabolism

fuel metabolism

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L. L.
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L. L.
This flashcard set delves into the intricate world of connective tissue and endocrine regulation, tailored for university-level medical students. It explores various cell types like macrophages and plasma cells, their locations, and functions, along with the structural elements of connective tissue. The set also covers the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis and the roles of hormones such as cortisol, glucagon, and insulin. Medical students will find this flashcard set invaluable for understanding the complexities of tissue types and hormonal effects on metabolism.
Flashcards
13
Students
1
Language
English
Category
Medical
Level
University
Created / Updated
15.10.2014 / 17.10.2014
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Flashcards

OCT14, 2014. ENDOCRINE REGULATION OF METABOLISM. What are the counter-regulatory hormones? Which ones are fast, which ones are slow? 

Glucagon (fast) 

Endocrine (fast)

Cortisol (slow)

Growth Hormone (slow)

 

which of the following are effects of insulin? (p.5 of Sep 25 notes)

what are the two targets of glucagon? What are their actions?

liver and adipose tissue. 

 

glucagon causes the liver to increase production of glucose (glycogenolysis, gluconeogenesis)) 

glucagon causes adipose tissue to mobilize its fatty acids. Triglycerides will become Free fatty acids and glycerol. 

epinephrine are produced by cells of the adrenal _______. It is a derivative of _______.

medulla 

 

tyrosine

Cortisol have ________ effects, is is produced by the adrenal _________, and it is a derivative of ________. 

Cortisol has Catabolic effects, is produced in the adenal Cortex, and is a derivative of Cholesterol 

Which of the following are similarities between cortisol and growth hormone?  (p. 8 of Sep 25 notes)

describe the pathophysiology of diabetic ketoacidosis in three steps .

1. absolute insulin deficiency causes the body to rely on alternative energy sources eg. gluconeogenesis from fats

2. increased lipolysis causes high free Fatty acids, which causes high conc. of ketone bodies

3. the result is ketoacidosis and hyperosmolarity (dehydration ) 

OCT 14, 2014. CONNECTIVE TISSUE. DR. PINDNER. List the 4 types of connective tissue.

  • Cartilage
  • Connective Proper 
  • Bone 
  • Blood 

what are the three structural elements of CT proper?

1. ground substance (Proteoglycan, Interstitial fluid , Adhesion protein) )

2. fibers (reticular, elastin, or collagen) 

3. cells (Plasma cells, Adipocytes, Mast cells, Fibroblasts, Macrocytes) 

What are the 5 cells types in CT? (mnemonic) . which cell types are the most and second most numerous ? 

  • Plasma cells
  • Adipocyte
  • Mast cells
  • Fibroblasts
  • Macrophages 

fibroblasts are the most numerous, macrophages are the second most numerous 

mnemonic: "Playing AM/FM in CT (congested traffic) " 

adipose tissue is a specialized form of __________ ________ _______

loose connective tissue 

what is the name of macrophage in these tissues : skin, liver, bone? 

skin: Langerhans cells

liver: kupffer cells 

bone: osteoclast 

plasma cells are found mostly in _______ and _______, while mast cells are found in ___ _______ ______.

lymph and spleen

 

mast cells are found in all connective tissue. 

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