the basic character of a person
nature
the care and attention given to help sb. develop
nurture (v. nurture sb.)
an effect or influence on sth.
impact (on sth.)
be involved and influential in developing sth.
play a part (in sth.)
a person you admire and learn from
role model
the influence on your behaviour of people around you of the same age
peer pressure
a thing that encourages you to work harder, do sth. etc.
incentive (to do sth.)
a thing that makes you less likely to do sth.
deterrent (v. deter sb.)