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Nanomaterials for Photonics

Nanomaterials for Photonics

Nanomaterials for Photonics

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P. G.
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P. G.
Diese Lernkartei behandelt die Grundlagen und Anwendungen von Nanomaterialien in der Photonik auf Universitätsniveau. Sie konzentriert sich auf die Klassifizierung von Nanomaterialien nach optischen Eigenschaften, Größe, Kristallstruktur und chemischer Zusammensetzung, sowie auf deren evolutionäre Entwicklung und Anwendungen. Besonders hervorgehoben werden metallische und hybride Nanostrukturen, die für ihre nichtlinearen optischen Eigenschaften bekannt sind. Die Karteikarten richten sich an Studierende und Forscher, die sich mit den Grundlagen und Fortschritten in der Nanophotonik vertraut machen möchten, um die Eigenschaften von Materialien wie Refraktion, Lumineszenz und Streuung zu verstehen und zu nutzen.
Cartes-fiches
10
Utilisateurs
1
Langue
Allemand
Catégorie
Physique
Niveau
Université
Créé / Mis à jour
23.02.2016 / 24.02.2016
  • 1  / 10

Cartes-fiches

1) Definitions and Origins

Nano-
-Technology
-Science
-Material
-Photon

Nano- = Greek for little, very small or tiny
-Technology: techno- = Greek for art, skill; -logy = the study of => The application of knowledge
-Science = from Latin meaning knownledge
-Material = from Latin materia, substance from which something is made of
-Photon = photo (greek for light) and on = greek for unit

1) Definitions and Origins

Units: Nano
Units: angstrom

Order of Magnitude:
Hair
Transistor
Molecules
Atoms

Units: Nano 10^-9
Units: angstrom 10^-10 m = 0.1 nm

Order of Magnitude:
Hair: 100 mum = 10^-4m
Transistor: 100 nm = 10^-7m
Molecules: 1 nm = 10^-9m
Atoms: 0.1 nm = 10^-10

2) Examples of Nano around us (5)

- Wings of a butterfly
- LED
- DNA
- Gecko
- Stained Glass

3) Motivation

1. Materials play an important role and are the backbone of evolution
2.Engineered materials w/ optical properties: Bulk material, Thin films, Nanoparticals
3. Evolutions from lenses tom optical fiber to photonic crystal
4. Controlling the properties of materials:

  • Mechanical properties: metallurgy, ceramics, plastics
  • Electrical properties: transistor revolution, carbon nanotubes
  • Optical properties: optical fibers, photonic crystalls, metallic structures

5. Interdisciplinarity
6. Nanoelectronics (First Transistor 1949 Shockley, Bardeen, Brattain=
7. Moore's law Number of transistors per chip double within 18 months
8. Business
9. Products: Self cleaning cloth, self cleaning glass, solar cream, automobile, liposome 30-50 nm skin 100 nm
10. risk

4) Classification by Chemical composition

  • Carbon nanotubes
  • inorganic carbon
  • metal oxides and metalloid oxides
  • metals
  • semiconductors
  • organics
  • others: biomaterials, clays,ceramics

 

parameters: size, shape, composition, solubility, crystallinity, surface chemistry, surface modification

4) Classification by Crystal structure

  • Crystalline (monocrzstalline silicon wafer, solar cell)
  • Polycrystalline
  • Amorphous

4) Classification bz sizes

  • 0D: Spheres and Cluster (micro and nano particles)
  • 1D: Nanofibers, wires and rods (micro and nano particles)
  • 2D: thin films, plates
  • 3D: Bulk nanomaterials

4) Classification: Speed / Size

                    10nm - 1 mum --- 10mum - 1 mm

kHz - GHz    Semiconductors --- The Past

THz - PHz         Metal plasmonics --- Dielectric photonics

                          small size high speed high losses --- limited in size by diffraction

4) Evolution of materials: whats next?

Oxide nanomaterials: small & nonlinear
Hybride nanostructures: oxide core & metallic shell

4) Classification: Optical Properties

Linear: involving one photon to get the process going
Nonlinear: involving simultanieously two or more photons to get the process going

  • Absorbtion
  • Reflection
  • transmission (pass through)
  • refraction (index of refraction: ratio c/speed in medium)
  • despersion (change of index of refraction with wavelength)
  • scattering
  • luminescence: fluorescence

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