Q95
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Flashcards
Guidelines of pain therapy
- try non-narcotic measures first, unless you are sure that the patient is in severe pain
- do not be afraid to give narcotc analgesics
- prescirbe adequate amounts of medication
- fentanyl pflaster dauaert zu lange 8-12h
Haarzelll
1. B-ll, phaenotypisch namensgebebnd,
2. bone marrow fibrotic, dry tap
3. TRAP stain pos, CD11c marker
CLL
most common type of leukemia in western countries
Hodgkin
Reed-Sternberg
IDA
mcc, in adulat male or post menopausla woman
Hematologic manifestations of Lupus
ANEMIA: common mechanisms: (Anemia of chronic disease, renal insuff from SLE nephritis, iron def anemia (GI loss), AIHA, uncommon mechanisms: medications, hypersplenism, microang hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia
LEUKOPENIA: common: autoimmun uncommon: medications, hypersplenism, bone marrow dysfunction
THROMOCYTOPENIA: immune-miedated destruction uncoom: medication, increased consumption due to thrombotic micronagiopathy (TTP)
Lupus
thromboemolic events (vasculitis und antiphospholipid antibodies), hypocomplementemia (C3/C4) ANA sens, Anti-dsDNA und anti-SM spez, Proteinuria und elvt. Crea
ineffective hematopoiesis
blood cell breakdown in bone marrow before release into ciculation such as thalassemias/MDS
blood transfusion reactions associated with hypotension
anaphylactic: rapid onset of shock, angioedema/urticaria & respiratory distress, within a few seconds to minutes of transfusion, cuased by recipient anti-IgA antibodies
transfusion related acute lung injury: respiartory distress and signs of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema, within 6 hours of transufion, caused by donor anti-leukocyte anitbodies
primary hypotension reaction: trans hypotension often in pateins taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, within minutes of transufion, caused by bradykini in blood products ( normally degrade by angiotensin converting enzyme)
bacterial sepsis: fever, chills, septic shock and DIC, within minutes to hours of transfusion
ABO mismachting
achute hemolytic transufsion reation: fever, chills, flank pain, and hemoglobinuria within an hour of transfusion => renal, failure, DIC
