Literature

sum of events happening in storyworld

aka incident: fundamental unit of action

--> act (kiss)/happening (lightning)

--> kernels: necessary - drive action forward

      &

      catalysts (aka satellites): don't drive action forward, but embellish or expand it

Plot takes a story, selects its material in terms of causality (rather that time), gives beginning, middle, ending

Story: sequence of events, as we assume them to have occurred (likely order, duration, frequency)

Plot: particular selection and (re-)ordering of these

Exposition/Introduction: creates tone, gives setting, introduces characters, supplies facts necessary

In medias res: narrative starts in the middle of things (critical point in the action)

Foreshadowing: presentation of material in such a way that later events are prepared for

Climax: point of greatest tension/highest interest

Dénouement: final unravelling of plot, solution to the mystery, explanation or outcome

arrangement of events

Chronological narrative: order of narrative corresponds to natural temporal sequence of events

Anachronies: deviation from strictly chronological stroytelling:

--> Analepsis (flashback) earlier event is presented later in text

--> Prolepsis (flash-forward) later event is presented earlier in text

relation between length of event in story and length that the plot devotes to its representation

Scene: narration of story last approximately as long as events themselves (dialogues)

Acceleration: long period of narrative in short segment of text - condensed

Deceleration: long segment of text devoted to short period of narrative

Ellipsis: complete omission of parts of the story

relation between number of times an event happened and number of times it is narrated

Singulative narration: telling once, what happened once

Repetitive narration: telling n times what happened once

Iterative narration: telling once what happened n times

Diegetic Model: Position and participation of narrator

Omniscience: degree of familiarity with actions/events

--> Omniscient narrator: disembodied voice; knows practically everything (innermost feelings, past, present, future)

--> 3rd-person limited omniscience: story told through eyes of one single character, access to this one's feelings, thoughts etc.

Perceptibility: degree of perception of narrating self

overt narrator: narrator who reflects on/talks about role as narrator - self-conscious

covert narrator: no narratorial mediation - effaced narrator

Reliability: degree of trustworthiness

--> reliable narrator: seems to be objective & trustworthy

--> unreliable narrator: stories are suspect - main source: limited knowledge and or personal involvement

Narrative forms:

--> letter narration (aka diary narration)

--> stream of consciousness: interior monologue - non-mediated stream of thought or impressions - seemingly random, formless, casual - grammatical 1st person