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Patrik Steuer
Diese Karteikarten bieten eine grundlegende Einführung in Qualitätsmanagement, mit Fokus auf Modelle wie OPM3 und CMMI, Kostenanalyse, Testmethoden und kontinuierliche Verbesserung. Sie eignen sich für Studierende und Berufseinsteiger, die sich mit Qualitätskontrolle, Prozessoptimierung und Kundenzufriedenheit vertraut machen möchten.
Flashcards
72
Students
1
Language
German
Category
Micro-Economics
Created / Updated
08.12.2013 / 08.12.2013

Flashcards

quality

?The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs? or ?the degree to which a set of inherent characteristics fulfils requirements?

Conformance to requirements

Project?s processes an products meet written specifications. (Erfllung von Anforderungen)

Fitness for use

Product can be used as it was intended

Project quality management

Ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for which it was undertaken

Customer Quality

After all the customer ultimately decides if quality is acceptable

metric

Standard of measurement

Design of experiments

Technique that helps identify which variable have the most influence on the overall outcome of a process

Functionality

Degree to which a system performs its intended function

Feature

System?s special characteristics that appeal to users

System outputs

Screens and reports the system generates

Performance

Product or service performs the customer?s intended use

Reliability

Ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions

Maintainability

Ease of performing maintenance on a product

Quality assurance

Includes all of the activities related to satisfying the relevant quality standards for a project, it is also for continuous quality improvement.

kaizen

Japanese word for improve or change for the better

lean

Evaluating processes to maximize customer value while minimizing waste

Benchmarking

Generates ideas for quality improvements by comparing specific project practices or product characteristics to those of other projects or products within or outside the performing organization.

Quality audit

Structured review of specific quality management activities that help identify lessons learned and that could improve performance on current or future projects

Quality control

Main goal is to improve quality, the main outcomes of this process are acceptance decisions, rework and process adjustments

Acceptance decision

Determine if the product or service produced as part of the project will be accepted or rejected

rework

Action taken to bring rejected items into compliance with product requirements, specification, or other stakeholder expectations.

Process adjustments

Correct or prevent further quality problems based on quality control measurements. Often result in updates to the quality baseline and organization process assets.

Cause-and-effect diagrams

Trace complaints about quality problems back to the responsible production operations. ( find the root cause of a problem) Also known as Fishbone or Ishikawa diagrams

5 whys

Repeatedly ask the question ?Why?? to get to the root cause.

Control chart

Graphic display of data that illustrates the results of a process over time

Seven run rule

States that if seven data points in a row are all below the mean, above the mean, or are all increasing or decreasing then the process needs to be examined for nonrandom problems.

Checksheet

Used to collect and analyze data, sometimes called a tally sheet or checklist

Scatter diagram

Helps to show if there is a relationship between two variables

Histogram

Bar graph of a distribution of variables. Each bar represents an attribute or characteristic of a problem or situation, and the height represents its frequency

Pareto Chart

Histograms that can help you identify and prioritize problem areas. The variables described by the histogram are ordered by frequency of occurrence

Pareto Analysis

Referred to as the 80-20 rule, meaning that 80 percent of problems are often due to 20 percent of the causes

Flowcharts

Graphic displays of the logic and flow of processes that help you analyze how problems occur and how processes can be improved.

Quality stratification

Flowchart technique that shows data from a variety of sources to see if a pattern emerges

Run chart

Displays the history and pattern of variation of a process over time

Statistical sampling

Choosing part of a population of interest for inspection (Statistische stichproben)

Sample size

0,25*(certainty factor/acceptable error)ý = needed sample size

certainty factor

Denotes how certain you want t be that the sampled data does not include variation that do not naturally exist in population.

Six sigma

Comprehensive and flexible system for achieving, sustaining and maximizing business success. It is uniquely driven by close understanding of customer needs, disciplined use of facts, data, an statistical analysis, and diligent attention to managing, improving, and reinventing business processes

DMAIC

Five phase improvement, which stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control. It is a closed-loop process for continued improvement

Voice of Customer

Complaints, surveys, comments and market research

Study