Introduction to Neurobiology
multiple choice questions
multiple choice questions
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Cartes-fiches
By which mechanism(s) is the undirectional conduction of nerve fibers guaranteed?
Which of the neurotransmitter receptors listed below exclusively evoke exitatory postsynaptic potentials?
Which role does cyclic AMP play in heterosynaptic facilitation of the gill withdrawal reflex of Aplysia
Which of the following are completely correct statements?
By which mechanism(s) is an inhibitory postsynaptic potential formed in the case of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor of heart?
Which of the following statements are completely correct?
Which of these substances acts as an antagonist for neurotransmitting receptors?
What is the average conduction velocity in nerve fibres?
What is meant by the term "absolute refractory period"? How is it caused?
After an Action Potential, a new AP cannot be initiated for approx. 1-2 msecs. The reason for this is that the Na+-Channels are inactivated due to strong depolarization and they are not reactivated until the current is sufficiently negative.
Which types of glial cells do you know? What are their main functions?
a) in the peripheral nervous system
b) in the central nervous system
a) - Schwanncells: responsible for myelination of the PNS and for regeneration
b) - Oligodendrocites: responsible for myelination of the CNS
- Astrocytes: responsible for the nutrition of nerve cells and for waste removal
- Microglial: responsible for waste removal and immune defense
Name four presynaptic proteins involved in the control of neurotransmitter release in a calcium dependent manner.
- Synaptotagmin
- Synaptobrevin
- Syntaxin
- Synapsin
Which role do calcium ions (Ca²+) play in synaptic transmission?
a) How do they enter the presynapse?
b) How is it caused?
- confirmational change of the protein synapsin -> ecocytosis
a) voltagegated calcium channels are openes by depolarization
b) depolarization
Which cell types other than nervecells can produce an Action Potential?
Skeletal muscle fibres
By which molecular mechanisms is an inibitory postsynaptic potential formes in case of the GABAA-receptor?
Name the two major branches ( a) , b)) of the autonomic (=vegetative) nervous system. Describe their regulatory function using the heart as an example and indicate the postganglionic neurotransmitters involved.
a) Parasympathetic - its neurotransmitter is AcH acting on the heart muscle in an inhibitory manner.
b) Sympathetic - its neurotransmitter is noradrenalin acting on the heart muscle in an excitatory manner.
Along which structures within an acon does fast axonal transport take place?
a) Which motor protein is involved?
- Microtubules
a) - Kinesin
Which two types of acetylcholine-receptors do you know?
- Muscarinic
- Nicotinic
Which two types of acetylcholine-receptors do you know?
- Muscarinic
- Nicotinic
What are the characteristic differences in molecuar structure between both types of receptors (number of subunits, number of transmembrane segments)?
- 1 domain, 7 transmembrane segments, G-protein connected
- 5 subunits, 4 transmembrane segments
