Geschichts-Ex 14.5.14

the state corntrols all areas of existance:

-politics

-economy

-media

-academic teaching

-education

-free time: compulsory membership in youth organisation

-secret police (NKVD, Gestspo ->Stasi)

-all clubs are streamlined

= a system/remige striving to make everybody the same, the regime imposes ideology on citizens

1889-

-Born in Austria

-got on badly with father, bond with mother

-left school with 16

-went to vienna to become painter

-things went wrong for him 1909-1914 down and out on streets of vienna

-during this period developed hate for foreigners and jews

-1914 war broke out, Hitler joined German army, served with distinction (Won Iron cross)

-found it hard to accept armistice

-unable to accept Treaty of Versailles

-despited Weimar democracy, looked back to gloios days of Kaiser

-Stayed in Amry after war, worked for Intellience services

-came across DAP German workers pary and liked ideas and joined 1919

Twenty five point programme:

-abolition of the treaty of versailles

-union of Germany and Austria

-only true germans allowed to live in G. Jews in particular excluded

-large industries and buainesses to be nationalised

-generous provision for old age pensioners

-a strong central government in Germany

Made german think:

-parlamentary system could not deal with the current (economic) crisis (fell for nazi anti-democratic propaganda

-fear of depression was turned into hate (of system, government and "the Jew")

-(news od terrors of Stalinism (1928-1935) made Germans afraid of Bolshevism)

-relief rganised by the SA helped people in need (after 1933 NS-governemt created jobs for unemployed ("Reichstatsdiesnt")

-depression made US retract their loans to Germany (german economy crashed) and this strengthened anti-Versailles propaganda (which Nazis were experts in)

-that the capitalist system fails and is not worth saving

-middle class has lost savings and  in the depression hope of economic advancement

Hitler appointed chancellor

Reichstagbuilding destroyed by fire

decree of reichpresi for protection of nation and state

enabling act;: law for terminating the suffering of the people and the nation

-emergeny powers to government for four years

-hitler could pss decrees without involvment of presi

needed 2(/3 majority got it (only SPD against, KPD banned)

renewed later

one day boycott of jewish shops

law of restoration of professional civil service (schools unis usw purged of alien elements (jews, political opponets, usw)

may-day holiday

int labour day turned into day of nat labour

2.may trade union incorporated into new German Labour Front DAF

law against formation of new parties

SPD and KPD already banned, others dissolved themselves

Germany becomes one-party state

Reichstag dissolved

nazi win 92% of votes

law of reconstruction of the state

hindenburg dies, hitlrr becomes ead of state

gleichschaltung, every aspect of omnce's daily life is incorporated into a nazi burocracy

-omnipresent terror and informers

-ubiquitous propaganda (1936colympics demonstrrated Germans acheivements)

-constitution failed to protect ndividual rights (justice/courts dependent on Nazis)

-potential strong opponents:

-Protestant church: streamlined

Catholic church: concordat

-economic fears: state programmes (work, projects) brought people into work and the state provided satisfactioon of basic needs (housing, projects) 

-new career opportunities to faithful nazis