DEH 123: Head & Neck Anatomy
Chapter 8: Nervous System
Chapter 8: Nervous System
-
- 1 / 28
-
Cartes-fiches
What are the 12 paired nerves?
- Olfactory
- Optic
- Oculomotor
- Trochelar
- Tribeminal
- Abducens
- Facial
- Vestibulocochlear
- Glossopharyngeal
- Vagus
- Accessory
- Hypoglossal
The olfactory nerve is a ____ nerve that sends impulses from the nasal cavity to the brain. It enters the brain through the _____.
- Sensory
- Cribiform plate
The optic nerve is a ____ nerve that sends impulses from the retina to the brain. It exits the oribt via the _____ of the sphenoid and enters the cranial cavity via the _____.
- Sensory
- Optic canal
- Optic chiasma
The oculomotor nerve is a ____ nerve that controls the muscles of the eye. It lies in the lateral wall of the canverous venous sinus and exits the skill through the _____.
- Motor
- Superior orbital fissure
The trochelar nerve is a ____ nerve that serves one efferent eye muscle. It is important for ____. There is no parasympathetic fibers present. it lies in the lateral wall of the cavernous venous sinus and extis through the ____.
- Motor
- Proprioception: depth perception
- Superior orbital fissure
The trigeminal nerve is a ____ nerve. It has ____ branches. It is the largest cranial nerve. It is important for local anesthesia.
- Both motor and sensory
- 3 branches
What are the 3 branches of the trigeminal nerve?
- Opthalmic
- Maxillary
- Mandibular
The abducens nerve is a ____ nerve. It moves the lateral muscles of the eyeball. It extis the _____ and runs through the ____.
- Motor
- Superior orbital fissure
- Cavernous venous sinus
The facial nerve is a ____ nerve. It extis through the _____. It can be involved with complications during local anesthesia.
- Both sensory and motor
- Internal acoutic meatus (stylomastoid foramen)
What does the Facial nerve innervate (control)?
- Afferent:
- Ear
- Taste
- Body of the tongue
- Efferent:
- Muscles of facial expression
- Cranial muscles
- Lacrimal gland
- Submandibular gland
- Sublingual gland
The vestibulocochelar nerve is a ____ nerve. It is importnat in hearing and balance from the _____. It sends signals from the inner ear to the brain. It enters the brain through the ____.
- Both sensory and motor
- Semicircular canals and cochlea
- Internal acoustic meatus
The glossopharngeal nerve is a ____ nerve. It passes through the ____. What does it control (innervate)?
- Both sensory and motor
- Juglar foramen
- Efferent:
- Pharyngeal
- Stylopharyngeus muscle
- Parotid gland
- Afferent:
- Base of the tongue
- Pharynx
The glossopharyngeal nerve gives rise to ____. The parasympathetic branches leave the skill through the ____.
- Tympanic branch (middle ear and parotid gland)
- Foramen ovale (refered to as teh lesser petrosal nerve)
The vagus nerve is a ____ nerve. It passes through the skull via ____. What does it innervate?
- Motor nerve
- Jugular foramen
- Efferent:
- Muscles of soft palate
- Pharynx
- Larynx
- Toracic and abdominal organs
- Afferent:
- Skin around the ear and epiglottis
The accessory nerve is a ___ nerve. It controls the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles, the soft palate and pharynx. Where does it exit the skull?
- Motor
- Jugular foramen
The hypoglossal nerve controls the muscles of the tongue. It extis the skull through the ____.
- Hypoglossal canal
This is the 1st division of the trigeminal (V) nerve.
Opthalmic
What does the opthalmic division innervate?
- Frontal: merge of superorbial nerve, and supertrochlear nerve
- Lacrimal: upper eyelid, conjuctiva, and lacrimal gland
- Nasociliary: eyelid, side of the nose, eyeball, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses
**Transmits impulses towards the CNS from the cornea, skin of the forehead, scalp, eyelid, nose, mucosa, and the oral cavity, and paranasal sinuses.
This is the 2nd division of the trigeminal (V) nerve.
Maxillary
What does the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve innervate?
- Zygomatic: skin, cheek, temple, and lacrimal gland
- Infraorbial: upper lip, cheek, lower eyelid, and sode of nose
- Anterior Superior Alveolar (ASA): maxillary incisors, canines, and periodontium
- Middle Superior Alveolar (MSA): maxillary premolars, mesiobuccal root of the maxillary 1st molar, periodontium, and buccal gingiva
- Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA): maxillary molars, periodontium, buccal gingiva, and maxillary sinus
- Greater Palatine Nerve: hard palate, lesser corresponds to the soft palate and tonsils
- Nasopalatine: hard palate, lingual to maxillary anterior teeth
**Transmits impulses towards teh CNS from the skin of the face, over the maxilla, upper lip, maxillary teeth, muscles of the nose, maxillary sinus, and palate
This is the 3rd division of the trigeminal (V) nerve.
Mandibular
What does the mandibular division innervate?
- Buccal: cheek, buccal mucosa, and gingiva
- Auriculotemporal: ear, and scalp
- Lingual: floor of the mouth and lingual mandibular gingiva, anterior 2/3rds of the tongue, (communiates with the CN VII) supplies fibers to sumbandibular and sublingual glands.
- Inferior alveolar nerve: mental (chin, lower lip, mandibular labial mucosa)incisive (dental brances of the anterior mandibular teeth)
- Mylohyoid: mylohyoid muscle and anterior belly of the digastic muscle
- Muscular branches: deep temporal, massetric, and lateral pterygoid
Supplies the 4 muscles of mastication
The brachial division of the facial nerve innervates?
- Facial espression
- Posterior belly of the digastic muscle
- Stylohyoid muscle
The visceral division of the facial nerve innervates?
- Lacrimal gland
- Submandibular gland
- Sublingual gland
- Mucous membranes of the nasopharynx
- Hard and soft palate
The facial nerve is involved in sensory sensations what are they?
- Special sensory:
- Taste from anterior 2/3rds of the tongue
- Hard and soft palate
- General sensory:
- Skin and concha of auricle
- Small area behind the ear
If a lesion occurs on the facial nerve what can happen?
- Lower motor neuron lesion: Bell's palsy
- Upper motor neuron lesion: can result b/c of stroke and cause facial peralysis
- Oh
- Oh
- Oh
- To
- Touch
- And
- Feel
A - Virgien
- Girls
- Vigina
- And Hooters
Cranial nerves
- Some
- Say
- Marry
- Money
- But
- My Brother
- Says
- Big
- Boobs
- Matter
- Most
Sensory, Motor, or Both
