DEH 123: Head & Neck Anatomy
Chapter 6: The Vascular System
Chapter 6: The Vascular System
What does the suprieor labial vein drain?
Upper lip
What does the inferior labial vein drain?
Lower lip
What does the submental vein drain?
Submandibular region
What does teh lingual veins drain?
Tongue and floor of the mouth (dorsal and deep lingual veins)
What does teh lingual veins drain?
Tongue and floor of the mouth (dorsal and deep lingual veins)
What does the superficial temporal vein drain and where does it drain to?
- Lateral scalp
- Drains into retromandibular vein and maxillary vein
What does the maxillary vein drain?
Regions surrounding pterygoid plexus.
It formes the retromandibular bein with assistence from the maxillary vein
What does the retromandibular vein form?
Forms the external jugular vein at one point and it is formed by the merger of superficial temporal and maxillary veins.
Where does teh external jugular vein originate?
Posterior division of the retromandibular vein
What is uniqure about the external jugular vein?
It has valves
Where does teh external jugular terminate and drain?
- Terminates at subclavian vein
- Drains into a small portion of extracranial tissue
How many anterior jugular veins are there?
- 1 or 2 can be persent
- If there are 2 they anatomose through a juguar venous arch
Where does the anterior jugular vein drain?
Into the external jugular vein before it joins the subclavian vein
What does the internal jugular vein originate and what does it drain?
- Originates: cranial cavity and leaves through jugular foramen
- Drains the brain and most of the tissues form the head a neck
Merges with subclavian vein
What can compromise blood vessels?
- High blood pressure
- Infection
- Trauma
- Endocrine pathology
What are 5 types of vascular lesions?
- Thrombus: clot
- Embolus: traveling clot
- Bacteremia: bacteria in the blood
- Hemorrhage: result of trauma. can be serious and life threatening
- Hematoma: localized trauma
This is when a clot forms after cartilage is torn and blood reaches the avascular tissue of the ear.
Cauliflower ear
Thi is a localized widening of an artery, vein, or the heart. There is typically a bulge and the wall is weakend and may rupture.
Aneurysm
X-ray test that uses fluorscopy to capture images of blood flow within the blood vessels.
Angiogram
This shows a cross-section of body tissues and organs from a collection of views.
CT (computed tomography)
This is a large network of blood vessels, usually veins.
Plexus
This is how vessels communicate.
Anastomosis
Arise from the hear, caries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Artery (A = away)
What is the network of arteries?
Artery --> Arterioles --> Capillary --> Tissues
This artery arises lateral to the common carotid. It is in the upper arm and supplies intercranial and extracranial structures.
Subclavian artery
This is a branchless artery that lies lateral to the trachea and larynx. It is divided into the interal and external portions and has a ____ sinus.
- Common carotid artery
- Carotid
The interal carotid travels upward and is slightly lateral to the external carotid. There are no brancehs in the neck. In enters the _____ to supply the intercranial structures and branches off there to supply the ____.
- Carnium
- Opthalmic artery
The external carotid artery travels upward in a medial position to the interal carotid. It supplies the ____ of th head an neck. There are 4 branhces of this artery, what are they?
- External structures of the head and neck
- 4 Branches:
- Anterior
- Medial
- Posterior
- Terminal
Fill in the missing arteries
- Maxillary artery
- Facial artery
- Sublingual artery
- Posterior auricular artery
- Ascending pharyngeal artery
- External carotid artery
Label the picture.
- Superficial temporal artery
- Facial artery
- Lingual artery
- Superior thyroid artery
- Sublavian artery
- Brachiocephalic artery
- Internal thoracic artery
- Thyrocervical trunk
- Common carotid artery
- Vertebral artery
- Carotid sinus
- External carotid artery
- Internal carotid artery
- Maxillary artery
- Occipital artery
- Posterior auricular artery
What are the branches of the superior thyroid artery?
- Infrahyoid
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Superior laryngeal
- Cricothyroid
What does the superior thyroid artery supply?
- Tissues inferior to the hyoid:
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Larynx muscles
- Thyroid gland
What are the branches of the lingual artery?
- Dorsal lingual
- Deep lingual
- Sublingual
- Suprahyoid
What does teh sublingual artery supply?
- Mylohyoid muscle
- Sublingual salivary gland
- Floor of the mouth
This artery runs medial to the mandible over the submandibular salviary gland, the to the mandibular lower lateral border. It terminates in the medial canthus. What does it supply?
- Facial artery
- Supplies:
- Oral
- Buccal
- Zygomatic
- Nasal
- Infraorbital
- Orbital regions
What are the branches of the facial artery?
- Palatine
- Glandular
- Submental
- Inrerior labial
- Superior labial
- Angular
Label the picture
- Angular artery
- Superior labial artery
- Inferior labial artery
- Submental artery
- Sumbandibular salivary gland
- External carodit artery
- Lingual artery
- Facial artery
- Ascending palatine artery
- Parotid gland
The ascending pharyngeal artery has numerous small branches, but what are the 2 major branches and what tissues does it supply?
- Pharyngeal
- Meningeal
- Pharyngeal walls
- Soft palate
- Meninges of the brain
The occipital artery passes upward behind the ascending ramus towars the scalp. What are its major braches and what tissues does it supply?
- Muscular
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Auricular
- Meningeal
- Supply:
- Suprahyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscles
- Scalp
- Meningeal tissues of the occipital region
This artery ariese superior to the occipital artery and stylohyoid muscles about the level of the syloid process. What are its branches and what tissues does it supply?
- Posterior auricular
- Sylomastoid and auricular branches
- Mastoid air cells and internal ear
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Cartes-fiches
This is a large network of blood vessels, usually veins.
Plexus
This is how vessels communicate.
Anastomosis
Arise from the hear, caries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Artery (A = away)
What is the network of arteries?
Artery --> Arterioles --> Capillary --> Tissues
This artery arises lateral to the common carotid. It is in the upper arm and supplies intercranial and extracranial structures.
Subclavian artery
This is a branchless artery that lies lateral to the trachea and larynx. It is divided into the interal and external portions and has a ____ sinus.
- Common carotid artery
- Carotid
The interal carotid travels upward and is slightly lateral to the external carotid. There are no brancehs in the neck. In enters the _____ to supply the intercranial structures and branches off there to supply the ____.
- Carnium
- Opthalmic artery
The external carotid artery travels upward in a medial position to the interal carotid. It supplies the ____ of th head an neck. There are 4 branhces of this artery, what are they?
- External structures of the head and neck
- 4 Branches:
- Anterior
- Medial
- Posterior
- Terminal
Fill in the missing arteries
- Maxillary artery
- Facial artery
- Sublingual artery
- Posterior auricular artery
- Ascending pharyngeal artery
- External carotid artery
Label the picture.
- Superficial temporal artery
- Facial artery
- Lingual artery
- Superior thyroid artery
- Sublavian artery
- Brachiocephalic artery
- Internal thoracic artery
- Thyrocervical trunk
- Common carotid artery
- Vertebral artery
- Carotid sinus
- External carotid artery
- Internal carotid artery
- Maxillary artery
- Occipital artery
- Posterior auricular artery
What are the branches of the superior thyroid artery?
- Infrahyoid
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Superior laryngeal
- Cricothyroid
What does the superior thyroid artery supply?
- Tissues inferior to the hyoid:
- Infrahyoid muscles
- Sternocleidomastoid muscle
- Larynx muscles
- Thyroid gland
What are the branches of the lingual artery?
- Dorsal lingual
- Deep lingual
- Sublingual
- Suprahyoid
What does teh sublingual artery supply?
- Mylohyoid muscle
- Sublingual salivary gland
- Floor of the mouth
This artery runs medial to the mandible over the submandibular salviary gland, the to the mandibular lower lateral border. It terminates in the medial canthus. What does it supply?
- Facial artery
- Supplies:
- Oral
- Buccal
- Zygomatic
- Nasal
- Infraorbital
- Orbital regions
What are the branches of the facial artery?
- Palatine
- Glandular
- Submental
- Inrerior labial
- Superior labial
- Angular
Label the picture
- Angular artery
- Superior labial artery
- Inferior labial artery
- Submental artery
- Sumbandibular salivary gland
- External carodit artery
- Lingual artery
- Facial artery
- Ascending palatine artery
- Parotid gland
The ascending pharyngeal artery has numerous small branches, but what are the 2 major branches and what tissues does it supply?
- Pharyngeal
- Meningeal
- Pharyngeal walls
- Soft palate
- Meninges of the brain
The occipital artery passes upward behind the ascending ramus towars the scalp. What are its major braches and what tissues does it supply?
- Muscular
- Sternocleidomastoid
- Auricular
- Meningeal
- Supply:
- Suprahyoid and sternocleidomastoid muscles
- Scalp
- Meningeal tissues of the occipital region
This artery ariese superior to the occipital artery and stylohyoid muscles about the level of the syloid process. What are its branches and what tissues does it supply?
- Posterior auricular
- Sylomastoid and auricular branches
- Mastoid air cells and internal ear
This artery arises within the parotid gland. What are its branches and what tissues does it supply?
- Superficial temporal
- Transverse facial
- Middle
- Temporal
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Middle temporal supplies the tempralis
- Frontal & parietal branches supply portions of the scalp
This artery begins at the neck of the mandibular condyle within the parotid gland. It runs through the infratemporal fossa and it is superfical and deep to the lateral pterygoid.
Maxillary artery
Label the picture
- Deep temporal arteries
- Superficial temporal arteris
- Middle meningeal artery
- Maxillary artery
- Pterygoid arteries
- Buccal artery
- Mylohypid artery
- Inferior alveoalr artery
- Left external carotid artery
- outline of the partotid gland
- Mental artery
- Incisive artery
- Dental and alveoalr branches of incisive artery
- Dental and alveolar branches of superior alveolar artery
- Anterior superior alveolar artery
- Posteiror superior alveolar artery
- Inraorbital artery
- Sphenopalatine artery
What does the middle meningeal artery supply? What foramen does it pass?
- Meninges of the brain
- Foramen: spinosum
What does the inferior alveolar artery supply? What is its associated foramen? What are its major branches?
- Supplies: mandibular posterior teeth
- Foramen: Mandibular foramen travels through mandibular canal
- Branches: mylohyoid, mental, incisive, dental and alveolar
The inverior alveolar branch of the mylohyoid artery supplies what tissues and travels where?
- Supplies: floor of the mouth and mylohyoid
- Travels: mylohyoid groove
The mental branch of the inverior alveolar artery supplies what tissues and travels wehre?
- Supplies: tissues of the chin
- Foramen: mental foramen
The incisive branch of the inverior alveolar artery supplies what tissues and travels where?
- Supplies: mandibular anterior teeth
- Foramen: NONE remains in the mandibular canal
2 branches: dental and alveolar
The posterior superior alveolar artery supplies what tissues, travels where, and has what branches?
- Supplies: posterior maxillary teeth
- Foramen: PSA foramina on maxillary tuberosity
- Branches: dental and alveolar brancehs
The infraorbital artery supplies what tissues, travels where, and has what branches?
- Supplies: orbit
- Foramen: inferior orbital fissure and infraorbital foramen
- Travels: through the infraorbital canal
- Branches: anterior superior alveolar artery
The anterior superior alveoalr artery supplies what tissues, and has what branches?
- Supplies: anterior maxillary teeth
- Branches: dental and alveolar
The greater and lesser palatine arteries supply what tissue and travel where?
- Supply: hard and soft palate
- Foramen: greater and lesser palatine foramina
- Travel: through pterygopalatine canal
The sphenopalatine artery supplies what tissues, travels where, and has what branches?
- Supplies: nasal cavity
- Foramen: incisive foramen
- Brancehs: nasopalatine branch
What is the network for veins?
Venules --> Veins --> Heart
These are located in the meninges of the brain. They ar channels by which blood conveys from cerebral veins into veins of the neck. Infection in these could be fatal.
Venous sinuses
This venous sinus is located on each side of the body of the sphenoid. It communiates with each other, the pterygoid plexus, and the superior opthalmic vein.
Cavernous venous sinus
This is in anastomoses with the facial and retromandibular beins. It protects the maxillary artery. It is near the maxillary tuberosity. The middle meningeal vein drains into this plexus.
Pterygoid plexus
The posterior superior alveolar vein drains what?
The pulp and periodontium of ALL maxillary teeth
The inferior alveolar vein drains what?
The pulp and periodontium of ALL mandibualr teeth
The _____ originates at the medial corner of the eye. The supratrochelar and suprorbital veins descend to merge witht he facial vein. The opthalmic vein communicates with the cavernous venous sinus, and merges with the facial vein.
Terminal Aspect of the Facial vein
