DEH 103: Dental Anatomy
Chapter 11: Dental Anomalies
Chapter 11: Dental Anomalies
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Cartes-fiches
A deviation from normal, usually related to embryonic development that may result in the absence, exfess, or deformity of a body part.
Dental Anomaly
What is a dental anomaly most likely related too?
- Hereditary factors (gene related)
- Developmental or metabolic distrubances
This is the congenital absence of a set of teeth or all teeth.
Anodontia (total or partial)
In what teeth is anodontia most common?
- 3rd molars (maxillary more than mandibular)
- Maxillary lateral incisors
- Mandibular 2nd premolars
This is when there are more teeth than normal.
Supernumerary (extra) teeth
How often does it occur?
- 90% in the maxilla
- 20% inverted
- 80% lingual positisioned
What is the most common supernumerary tooth?
- Maxilary incisors
- Maxilary 3rd molars
Occurs more in men
What is a 3rd molar supernumerary tooth called?
- Distomolars
- Paramolars
- 4th molars
This occurs in 1-2% of the populaiton and it is a broad cervically and blunt incisally. It develops from only 1 lobe not 4.
Peg lateral
This is the splitting of a single forming tooth. A single root and a common pulp canal will result.
Gemination or twinning (gemni the twins)
This is the union of two adjacent tooth germs, always involves dentin. Different from gemination b/c there are 2 fused roots with seperate pulp canals.
Fusion
What are some abnormalities taht results from congenital Syhphilis?
- Hutchinson's Incisors: notched crowns or fused incisors\
- Mulberry Molars: multiple tiny tubercles with poorly developed cusps (berry shape)
This is named for the appearahce of a "claw like" appearance. It is found on the linguals of anterior teeth. It has a pulp horn and can often be mistaken for a supernumerary tooth. If it interferes with occlusion it can be removed.
Talon cusp
This is when the teeth are normal in shape, but are smaller than normal. It is commonly seen in lateral incisors and 3rd molars.
Microdontia
This is when the teeth are normal in shape, but oversized.
Macrodontia
This occurs when the lingual anatomy of anterior teeth have a pronounced marginal ridge and cingulum. Will see it most often in Asian, Mongoloid, Artic and Native American populations.
Shovel shaped maxillary incisors
This is a small round enamel projection that occurs on the roots of teeth.
Enamel pearl
This occurs in permanent dentioion and is caracterized by long pulp chambers WITH OUT CEJ constriction.
Taurodontia
This is a "tooth within a tooth" that results from an invagination of the enamel organ within the crown of the tooth.
Dens In Dente
This is the joining of two adjacent teeth at the roots of only the cementum. It occurs after eruption due to close proximity of teeth.
Concresence
This is the excessive formation of cementum at the apex of a root usualy related to trauma.
Hypercemntosis
This occurs when a tooth is twisted
Rotated tooth
This occurs when a tooth is transposed. IE the Canine is in the place of the lateral and vice-versa
Transposition
This occurs when a primary tooth isn't shed and the bone holds it in place. It will have NO PDL.
Ankylosis
This is the disturbance of enamel forming cells (ameloblasts). It can be casued by hereditary, systemic (high fever, nutritional deficiences, etc), or local disturbances (trauma). It presents as many different color variations from white to yellow to brown.
Enamel dysplasia
- Too little mineralization is ___.
- Too little calcium is ___.
- Hypo-mineralization
- Hypo-calcification
This is a hereditary disorder that effecs both dentitions. Teeth are susceptible to decay. It is rare
Amelogenesis imperfecta
This is a localized discolored spots that may result from trauma, local infection or some other interference in the enamel. It is also known as "Turner's tooth".
Focal Hypoplasia
"Turner's Tooth"
This is a hereditory disorder that affects the dentin of both dentitions. There may be a partial or total absence of pulp chambers and teeth will appear blue-gray to yellow and even opelescent. Teeth will be weak and subject to attrition. It is rare.
Dentogenesis imperfecta
This is the wearing away of enamel related to grinding.
Attrition / abfraction
This is the wearing away of enamel by mechanical means
Abrasion
This is the loss of tooth structure related to chemical means.
Erosion
