Data Analysis

DA lecture FSS 2016 Uni Mannheim

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Flashcards	16
Language	English
Category	Politics
Level	University
Created / Updated	31.05.2016 / 31.10.2018
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population

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the full set of cases about which we want to generalize

parameter

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a characteristic of the population, usually unknown

sample

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a subset of the population

statistic

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a characteristic of the sample, usually known

descriptive statistics

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numbers that summarise the distribution of values of a variable across a sample

inferential statistics

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the use of statistics to make inferences about a larger population based on data collected from a sample

frequencies

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the listing of possible values of a variable, together with the number of observations for these values

mode

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most frequent value

-> can be more than one, need not be near centre, can't be an outlier by definition

median

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middle point in an ordered set of values

-> not applicable to nominal variables (since they can't be ranked)

mean

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average value: sum of the observations divided by the number of observations

wheel of science

1. research question

2. theory

3. hypothesis

4. operationalisation

5. data collection

6. data analysis

range

distance between the largest and smalles values

measures of central tendency

- mode

- median

- mean

central tendency in normal distribution?

mean, mode and median are identical

measures of spread

tell us whether the variation around our average value is meaningful or unrepresentative

- range/interquartile range

- deviation/standard deviation

- variance

interquartile range

range of middle 50% of observations

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Data Analysis

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