Cranial Nerves
Table 14.1
Table 14.1
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What is the function of cranial nerve X?
MIXED
Somatic - motor impulses to pharynx and larynx and sensory fibers from same structures.
PARASYMPATHETIC - motor fibers that supply heart and smooth muscles of abdominal visceral organs; transmits sensory impulses from viserca.
What is the function of cranial nerve XI?
MIXED - primarily motor
SOMATIC - motor fibers to sternocleidomastoid and trapexius muscles to muscles of soft palate, pharynx, and larynx.
What is the function of cranial nerve XII?
MIXED - primarily motor
SOMATIC - carries motor fibers to muscles of tongue.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve I?
Person is asked to sniff aromatic substances, such as oil of cloves and vanilla, and to identify each.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve II?
- VISUAL FIELDS - eye chart and moving objects in and away from the eyes
Fundus of eyes viewed via opthalmoscope for swelling where the nerve leves the eye (optic disc).
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve III?
Pupils examined for size, shape and equality. Pupillary reflex is tested with penlight. ability to follow objects with eyes.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve IV?
tested in common with nerve III.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve V?
Test senstation of pain, touch, temp and hot and cold.
Corneal reflex tested with wisp of cotton.
Motor branch tested b askedin person to clench teeth, open mouth against resistance and move jaw side to side.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve VI?
tested in common with cranial nerve III
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve VII?
Anterior two third of tounge tasted for test of sweet, salty, sour, bitter. Symmetry of face is check.
ammonia fumes for tearing.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve VIII?
Hearing is checked by air and bone conduction using tuning fork.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve IX?
tounge depressor is used to check the position of the uvula. Gag and swallowing reflexes are checked. Subject is asked to speak and cough. Posterior third of tounge may be tested for taste.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve X?
tested in common with IX as booth innervate muscles of throat and mouth.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve XI?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles are checked for strength by asking person to rotate head and shoulders against resistance.
How do you test for functioning of cranial nerve XII?
Person is asked to protrude and retract tongue. Any deviations in position are noted.
What is the name of Cranial nerve I?
Olfactory
What is the name of Cranial nerve II?
Optic
What is the name of cranial nerve III?
Oculomotor
What is the name of cranial nerve IV?
Trochlear
What is the name of cranial nerve V?
Trigeminal
What is cranial nerve VI called?
Abducens
What is cranial nerve VII called?
Facial
What is cranial nerve IX called?
Glossopharyngeal
What is cranial nerve X called?
Vagus
What is cranial nerve XI called?
Accessory
What is cranial nerve XII called?
Hypoglossal
What is the orgin and course of cranial nerve I?
The olfactory fibers arise from olfactory epithelium and run through cribriform plate of ethmoid bone to synapse in olfactory bulbs.
What is the orgin and course of cranial nerve II?
Fibers arise from retina of eyes to form the potic nerve and pass through optic cancal of the orbit, Fibers partially cross over at the optic chiasma and continue on to the thalamus as the optic tracts. Finally fibers of this pathway travel from the thalamus to the optic cortex as the optic radiation.
What is the orgin and course of cranial nerve III?
Fibers emerge from dorsal midbrain and course ventrally to enter the oribt. They exit from skull via superior orbital fissure.
What is the orgin and course of cranial nerve IV?
The trochlear - fibers emerge from midbrain and exit from skull via superior orbital fissures to run to the eye.
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