CNS
Anatomy
Anatomy
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Lernkarten
Medulla Oblongata: Internal features, Substantia Grisea
Nuclei Craniales (8-12 cranial n.)
Nucleus Gracilis in Tuberculum gracile (2nd neuron of epicritic sensibility pathway)
Nucleus Cuneatus in tuberculum cuneatum, "
Nuclei Olivares: In Oliva, Begin Tractus Olivospinalis + Tractus olivocerebellaris
Formatio reticularis: btw Pedunculi cerebellares inferiores
Medulla Oblongata Substantia Alba
Tractus Ascendentes
1. Fasciculus gracilis
2. Fasciculus cuneatus (sxynapse with 2nd neurons at nucleus cuneatus)
Axons of them form two groups of fibres:
a) Fibrae arcuatae externae run through Pedunculi cerebellares inferiores to cerebellum
b) Fibrae arcuatae internae - decussaio lemnisci medialis, ascend as lemniscus medialis
->travels to thalamus (diencephalon) to synaps with 3rd neurons:
3. Tractus spinothalamicus lateralis -> "
4. tractus spinothalamicus anterior -> synapse with thalamus, ascend as lemniscus spinalis
5. Tractus spinocerebellaris posterior: reaches cerebellum via pedunculus cerebellaris inferior
6. Tractus spinocerebellaris anterior: passes through pons + mesencephalon. reaches via pedunculus cerebellaris superior-> cerebellum
Medulla Oblongata Substantia Alba
Tractus descendentes
1. Tractus corticospinalis: decussatio pyramidum -> tractus corticospinalis lateralis/anterior
2. Tractus corticonuclearis
3. Tractus vestibulospinalis: formed by axons of nuclei vestibulares (fossa rhomboidea)
tractus vestibulocerebellaris: communicates nuclei vestibulares
4. Tractus olivospinalis: formed by axons of nuclei olivares
Tractus olivocerebellaris: leaves nuclei olivares, via pedunculus cerebellaris inferior -> cortex cerebelli
I5. Tractus rubrospinalis
6. Tractus tectospinalis
7. Fasciculis longitudinalis medialis
8. Tractus reticulospinalis
Pons Substantia grisea of basilar Part
1. Nuclei Pontis: btw are fibrae pontis transversae - that is the tract fibre synapse the pontine nuclei (tractus corticopontinus + tractus pontocerebellaris)
PONS substantia grisea of tegmentum of pons
1. Nuclei cranialis (5-8)
2. Nuclei corporis trapezoidei
3. Formatio reticularis
PONS Substantia Alba: Basilar Part (only: Tractus descendentes)
1. Tractus corticospinalis: belongs pyramidal system
2. Tractus corticonuclearis: "
3. Tractus corticopontinus: F; P; O; T regions of Cortex cerebri
4. Tractus pontocerebellaris: synapse to 2nd neurons of this pathway nuclei pontis. crossed + run opposite side of cerebellum via pedunculi cerebellaris medii
PONS Substantia Alba of Tegmentum of Pons
Tractus ascendentes
1. Lemniscus medialis
2. Lemniscus spinalis: fibres of tractus spinothalamicus anterior/lateralis
3. Lemniscus trigeminalis (crossed, 5 c. n)
4. Tractus spinocerebellaris anterior
5. Lemniscus lateralis and corpus trapezoideum (auditory pathway parts)
PONS Substantia Alba of tegmentum of pons
Tractus descendentes
1. Tractus tectospinalis
2. Tractus rubrospinalis
3. Tractus reticulospinalis
4. Fasciculus longitudinalis medialis
Ventriculus quartus
Cavity of rhombencephalon
Roof: tegmen ventriculi quarti, base: fossa rhomboidea
Upper part. Velum medullare superius
Lower part: Velum medullare inferius (strechted btw pedunculi cerebellares inferiores)
-> btw: top: Fastigium
Pia mater duplication: Tela choroidea ac´ttched to velum medullare inferius + plexus choroideus (produces liquor cerebrospinalis)
Lower direction connection: Canalis centralis. Upper: Ventriculus tertius by aquaeductus mesencephali s. cerebri
3 apertures: apertura mediana, aperturae laterales
-> Connect with spatium subarachnoideum (cisterna pontis + cisterna cerebellomedullaris)
