Chemistry of Life
IB Biology: The Chemistry of Life
IB Biology: The Chemistry of Life
Kartei Details
Karten | 10 |
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Sprache | English |
Kategorie | Biologie |
Stufe | Andere |
Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 08.05.2013 / 17.05.2014 |
Lizenzierung | Kein Urheberrechtsschutz (CC0) |
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What are the most frequently occuring chemical elements in living things?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen.
What is so important about carbon that it is the basis of all organic molecules?
It can form long chains and rings.
What are "Macromolecules"?
Large molecules including polysaccharides, proteins and nucleic acids.
What are macromolecules made up of?
Repeating sub-units formed by polymerisation. (monosaccharides, amino acids and nucleotides)
What are the commercial uses of polymers?
Cellulose and rubber (natural)
Pvc, polyethene and polystyrene (man made)
What are noteable characteristics of water as a solvent?
-Excellent solvent for ions and polar molecules
-Water molecules are attracted, surround and seperate them
-Once the chemical is in solution it can move around to react with other chemicals
-Most processes therefore happen in solution
-Non-polar molecules in contrast are pushed together as water attracts to itself
-This gives stability to structures such as plasma membranes and proteins
Where is water used as a transport medium?
In blood, lymphatic, excretory and digestive systems and in vascular plants
What are the thermal properties of water?
-hydrogen bonds hold water together
-as a consequence a relatively large amount of energy is required to raise the temperature
-this means water habitats are stable and have small fluctuations in temperature
-also internal temperature is easier to maintain
-evaporation therefore is an efficient way of removing large amounts of excess energy eg. sweating