Biomoleküle
Campell p. 113 chapter 4
Campell p. 113 chapter 4
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Flashcards
Is polar due to electronegative oxygen
Forms hydrogen bonds with water, helping dissolve compounds such as sugars.
Name ends on -ol
Hydroxyl group
Sugars with ketone groups are called ketones; those with aldehydes are called aldoses
Carbonyl group
Acts as an acid (can donate H+) because the covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen is so polar
Carboxyl group
Acts as a base; can pick up an H+ from the surrounding solution (water, in living organisms)
Amino group
Two SH groups can react, forming a "cross-link" that helfps stabilize protein structure. Hair protein cross-links maintain the straightness or curliness of hiar; in hair salons, permanent treatments break cross-links, the re-form them while the hair is in the desired shape
Sulfhydryl group
Contributes negative charge (1- when positioned inside a chain of phosphates; 2- when at the end). When attached, confers on a molecule the ability to react with water, releasingn energy.
Phosphate group
Affects the expression of genes when on DNA or on proteins bound to DNA. Affects the shape and function of male and female sex hormones
Methyl group
(-CH3)
Methyl group
-OPO3(2-)
Phosphate group
(--SH)
Sulfhydryl group
(-NH2)
Amino group
(-COOH)
Carboxyl group
(>C=O)
Carbonyl group
(-OH)
Hydroxyl group
