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Biology

Chapter 2

Chapter 2

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M. O.
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M. O.
This flashcard set introduces primary school students to fundamental concepts in biology, focusing on DNA processes like replication, transcription, and the role of polymerase and RNA. It covers key components such as promoters, ribosomes, and the structure of genes, including operons and codons. The set is ideal for young learners beginning to explore molecular biology, helping them understand how genetic information is stored, transcribed, and translated into proteins, as well as the basic mechanisms of cellular processes.
Cartes-fiches
29
Utilisateurs
1
Langue
Anglais
Catégorie
Biologie
Créé / Mis à jour
13.06.2014 / 13.06.2014
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Cartes-fiches

DNA polymerase is for _________ while RNA polymerase is for ____________ * 

replication, transcription

Transcription requires a ___________, and replication requires a ______________ *", promoter

primer,exact
DNA polymerase is for _________ while RNA polymerase is for ____________ * ,replication

transcription,exact

Transcription requires a ___________, and replication requires a ______________ *", promoter

primer,exact

DNA polymerase is for _________ while RNA polymerase is for ____________ * ,replication

transcription,exact

Transcription requires a ___________, and replication requires a ______________ *", promoter

primer,exact

DNA polymerase is for _________ while RNA polymerase is for ____________ * ,replication

transcription

Transcription requires a ___________, and replication requires a ______________ *", promoter

primer

DNA polymerase is for _________ while RNA polymerase is for ____________ *

replication; transcription

Transcription requires a ___________, and replication requires a ______________ *

promoter; primer
Define operon *

sequence of bacterial DNA consisting of the operator, promoter and genes that contribute to a single prokaryotic mRNA

Operons don't contain _________ *

activators nor repressors, but contains the regulatory region containing promoters

Where to introns and exons go? *

introns remain in the nucleus and exons exit the nucleus to be translated

DNA library: which have the gene? *

bacteria that are alive and white in a medium of ampicillin and x-gal (these bacteria contain the recombinant plasmid and the nonfunctional lacZ and can't break down x-gal and are thus white)

What does a Southern blot identify? *

target fragments of known DNA sequence in a large population of DNA

What does a Western blot identify? *

a protein with antibodies

Cathode and anode charges * negative; positive

negative; positive

Start codons *

AUG (methionine)
Stop codons *

UAA, UAG and UGA

Number of possible amino acid sequences *

(number of possible amino acids aka 20)^number of positions

What is a nucleolus? *

a special organelle where eukaryotes produce ribosomes

Which way to a mRNA enter a ribosome? * 5' first

5' first
Post-translational modifications *

sugars, lipids or phosphate groups are added to amino acids

What is a signal-recognition particle (SRP)? *

protein-RNA that recognizes the signal peptide and carries the entire ribosome complex to a receptor protein on the ER

What is a nucleosome? *

eight histones wrapped in DNA

Prophase *

condensation of chromatin into chromosomes; centrioles move to opposite sides; nucleolus and then nucleus disappear; formations of asters

When does crossing over/genetic recombination occur? *

prophase I

When is reduction division finished? *

after meiosis 1

Primary ________ and primary __________ go into meiosis 1 and becomes secondary. *

spermatocyte and oocyte

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