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why is Vs less affected by pore fluids
they have no shear strength
how does less compressible fluids affect the Vp/Vs ration (Poissons)?
less compressible fluids=higher Poissons
(no shear strength in fluid)
4D effects of common production processes
water flood
gas injection
gas production
gas out of solution
.
4D vs. 4C seismics
4D seismics = 3D surveys repeated a number of times 4C seismics = 4 components; i.e. 3 geophone and hydrophone (pressure)
Primary changes in the reservoir during production of hydrocarbons
Pore pressure Pore fluids (saturation, viscosity, compressibility, fluid type Temperature (water flood, steam injection)
Secondary changes in the reservoir during production of hydrocarbons
Compaction overburden stress porosity, fracturing chemical changes
bulk modulus
(one word)
stiffness
how do porosity and bulk modulus affect how observeable a change in pore fluids is
Higher the porosity the greater the impact of fluid composition Stiffer the rock the more difficult it is to see the effects of fluid composition
