British History and Literature
Vorlesung von Pointner. Sammlung des Fragenkatalogs und wichtige Dinge, bei denen Herr Pointner gesagt hat, dass sie in der Klausur dran kommen könnten. (Ich würde empfehlen Definitionen Wort für Wort auswendig zu lernen, da das für Herrn Pointner wichtig ist) Viel Erfolg! :)
Vorlesung von Pointner. Sammlung des Fragenkatalogs und wichtige Dinge, bei denen Herr Pointner gesagt hat, dass sie in der Klausur dran kommen könnten. (Ich würde empfehlen Definitionen Wort für Wort auswendig zu lernen, da das für Herrn Pointner wichtig ist) Viel Erfolg! :)
Set of flashcards Details
| Flashcards | 124 |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Category | English |
| Level | University |
| Created / Updated | 16.01.2025 / 16.01.2025 |
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What is satire?
- Major mode in 18th century literature
- Comes from an aggressive attitude
- Seems harmless, but is deadly
Which type of satire is cruel, exaggerated and ironic?
Which type of satire is light-hearted and funny?
What are the two types of Satire?
- Horation: Light-hearted, funny
- Juvenalian: Cruel, Exaggerated and ironic
What kind of satire is "Gulliver's Travels"?
Juvenalian Prose Satire
What are the reasons for the success of the novel in the 18th century?
- Counter-reaction to drama
- Growing literacy
- Women literacy
- Technological advance in book printing
- Introduction of public libraries
- Interest in realism
What are the kind of novels?
- Fictional biography
- Gothic novel
- Historical novel
- Epistolary novel
- Picaresque novel
Explain the term "Weltschmerz".
- Artist turns his inner pain outside and is despair
- One aspect of romanticism, poet who has made all the experiences, who knows what the world should be like, knows what the world is like
Explain the term "Byronic Hero".
Somebody who experienced everything in life, but only wants the love of the woman he loved. Nothing matters to him anymore and he becomes cynical.
Name the 1st generation of romantic poets.
- Wordsworth
- Coleridge
- Blake
Name the 2nd generation of romantic poets.
- Byron,
- Shelly
- Keats
Why did the Industrial Revolution start in England?
- Stability, colonies, infrastructure, science, Protestantism, Urbanization
Explain the term "Biedermeier".
Retreating from public life and concentrating on a small family nucleus
Explain the term "Utilitarianism".
Greatest benefit for the greatest number of people
Explain the term "Aestheticism".
- Coined by Oscar Wilde
- Art has to be nothing but aesthetically pleasing
What is the difference between body natural and body politic.
A monarch has a natural body, for example the queen being a woman. a monarch also has a political body which is the political status, for example the Queen being seen like a king (political).
What is an allegory?
An extended metaphor
Give one Example for a fabliau and then for a Romance.
- Fabliau: man convinces woman in 3 minutes to have sex with him
- Romance: man convinces woman in 30 years to have sex with him
What is are Fabliaus?
Jokes about Sex and Scatology (excrements etc.)
-> medieval people loved these kind of jokes
Explain the concept of Neo-Platonism.
Neo-Platonism is the Christianisation of Plato and is based on the thought, that the world of ideas becomes heaven and heaven is the only place, where true perfection is found. With love, one can be closer to heaven
How does English Protestantism differ from Catholicism?
In English Protestantism, there are Protestant work ethics. You have to work hard for succes, because each individual is responsible for themselves. There is also the belief in predestination: God chooses some people for the hope of life and decides to put others in eternal death. The only way to find out which group you belong to is to have succes in life, which is why people were always working so hard
Explain the concept of Cortly Love.
- First popular in France
- Was about writing love lyrics
- New literary movement, where woman were addressed as superior beings
- The poet is happy only if the woman loves him
- This movement did not mirror reality
Describe the relation between the King and his warriors as constructed in Old English Literature.
E.g.: in "Sir Gawain and the Green Knight" King Arthur has dinner with his knights, which is an indicator to a more "personal relationship".
In what way does Milton's Satan exploit the concept of the Chain of Being?
- Exploits it by convincing Eve to eat from the tree of knowledge
- Goes to paradise in the shape of a serpent and shows Eve that he, after eating from the tree, can speak like a human being
- Although he is an animal and therefore subordinate to humans
What does Alexander Pope mean by "To copy nature is to copy them"?
Copy those who were the best at copying nature, so the Latins and the Greeks
What role does "imagination" play in Romantic poetry?
- Seen as a transformative process
- Art was the expression of the imagination
- Artists had more imagination than the others
- Was used to present normal things in an unusual way
- Associate ideas in a state of excitement
What facilitated the rise of the novel in the 18th century?
- General literary rose
- People had to provide new reading materials for the new readers (mainly women)
- Progress in technology
- Books could be printed cheaper than before
- Rise of the middle class
- Established a democratic movement
- Public libraries
- You couöd now borrow books more easily
Mention 6 things that advanced the Industrial Revolution in England.
- Colonies
- Science
- Coal
- Infrastructure
- Enclosure
- Protestanism
What are the major points of Oscar Wilde's aestheticism?
- Art never expresses anything but itself
- Life imitates art far more than art imitates life
- Lying and telling of beautiful untrue things is the proper aim of art
- The content of art is irrelevant, but it needs to be beautiful
What is particular about the Christianisation in England? Explain.
- It took more than 100 years to start the Christianisation in England
- Celts: Christianised in the 5th century
- Columba, a Scottish priest (Irish free church), started the Christianisation of Britain from the North and the Roman-Catholic church from the south
- The Christianisation of England by Augustine and his followers went rather smoothly
- Advantage: men were married to already Christian (continental) woman, so it was easier to convince them
- Augustine did not destroy important pagan shrines of the Anglo-Saxons, instead he gave those symbols a new meaning
- Forced to adopt new worldview/ideology
- New language, chance of old words via adding new meaning
- Concept of euhemerismn
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