SMA

Proxy has all our requested pages, since we request all pages using the same proxy

Third-party cookies are generated and placed on the user's device by a different website other than the one the user is visiting. They are created when a user visits a website that includes elements from other sites, such as third-party images or ads.

The socialbot sent friendship requests on facebook to random people.

20 % acceppts request from strangers (socialbot)

60 % accepts request from strangers (socialbot), if they have a friend in common with it (socialbot)

User profiling in the context of social media, such as Facebook, refers to the process of collecting and analyzing information about users to create a detailed profile of their characteristics, preferences, behaviors, and interests.

1. The World Wide Web is one of the major services of the Internet
2. Inventor: Tim Berners-Lee
3. Lee elaborated a previous project of sharing scientific documentation in electronic format regardless of the platform
4. Goal was to provide more effective communication system for CERN but Lee soon realized the global potential of the idea.
5. The Web now allows browse and take advantage of a very vast set of amateur and professional (multimedia) content connected to each other and of further services accessible to all or a selected part of Internet users
6. Viviani: Graph of pages

A sequence of characters that uniquely identifies a generic resource. Examples of URIs are: a Web address (Uniform Resource Locator, URL), a document, an image, a file, an e-mail address, etc

Hypertext and hyperlink. Hypertext is semi-structured text that uses logical links between pages that contain text (and other multimedia content)

Webpages are written in html --> this is the language to structure data

• HyperText Markup Language
• Semi-Structured
• Language behind Web Pages
• Uses tags to define elements within documents
• human-redable (use of standard words)
• represented by a text-file, which can be editet e.g. with Notepad and generally has the .html extension

XML and JSON

• Markup Language (like HTML)
• Designed to store and transport data
• Self-descriptive
• hierarchical/tree structure with root element, that contains all the other elements of a document
• The base unit of XML are elements (block of text within a document, pair of tags): 
  • start and end tag (names can be choosen freely)
  • <paragraph> Paragraph text </Paragraph text>
• You can only write text in the lowest tags (title and paragraph in this case)

The Document Type Definition (DTD) define the components allowed in the construction of an XML document

• Defines the legal elements and attributes within the document. You cannot use any other elements except those defined. A kind of "vocabulary" for the files that will use it
• It defines the structure of each element (e.g., what each element can contain, the order, the quantity of elements that can appear, etc.). A kind of "grammar"
• Finally, it provides some mechanisms to simplify document management (e.g., the ability to import parts of other DTDs

An XML Schema describes the structure of an XML document

• The XML Schema language is also referred to as XML Schema Definition (XSD)
• XML Schema is an XML-based (and more powerful) alternative to DTD.

The purpose of an XML Schema is to define the legal building blocks of an XML document:

• The elements and attributes that can appear in a document
• The number of (and order of) child elements
• Data types for elements and attributes
• Default and fixed values for elements and attributes 

DTD wird nicht in XML-Sprache geschrieben, XML Schema (XDS) gingegen schon

HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application layer protocol used as the primary system for transmitting information on the Web. 

• HTTP is a protocol that works with a Client/Server architecture: the client executes a request, and the server returns the response
• In common use, the client is the browser and the server is the remote machine on which the Website resides.
• There are therefore two types of HTTP messages: request messages and response messages.

Web is based on client/server network --> so it is centralized (in regards to infrastructure and content-creation)

The Decentralized Web is like the World Wide Web we have today, filled with amazing, interactive content and information — the only difference is that the underlying architecture is decentralized, so that it becomes much harder for any one entity (whether through malicious censorship or accidental failure) to take down any single Web page, website, or service.