Describe what is the Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Clinical manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus (common symptoms of both)
The most commonly identified signs and symptoms of diabetes are referred to as the three polys:
These three symptoms are closely related to the hyperglycemia and glycosuria of diabetes.
Describe the etiology (the cause) of Type 1 DM
The exact cause of type 1 diabetes is unknown. Usually, the body's own immune system — which normally fights harmful bacteria and viruses — destroys the insulin-producing (islet) cells in the pancreas. Other possible causes include:
What are the main differences between Type 1 and Type 2 DM?
The main difference between the type 1 and type 2 diabetes is that type 1 diabetes is a genetic condition that often shows up early in life, and type 2 is mainly lifestyle-related and develops over time. With type 1 diabetes, your immune system is attacking and destroying the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas.
Describe what is the Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 2 DM is heterogeneous condition [1] that describes the presence of hyperglycemia in association with relative insulin deficiency.
[1] heterogeneous condition is a medical condition with several etiologies (caused by different sets of events).
In Type 2 DM there is no autoimunne destruction of the beta cells.
Describe the etiology (the cause) of Type 2 DM
Type 2 diabetes—the most common form of diabetes—is caused by several factors, including lifestyle factors and genes.
The main causes are:
Overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity. Extra weight sometimes causes insulin resistance and is common in people with type 2 diabetes.
Genes and family history.
Hormonal diseases. Some hormonal diseases cause the body to produce too much of certain hormones, which sometimes cause insulin resistance and diabetes.
Damage to or removal of the pancreas. Pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, and trauma can all harm the beta cells or make them less able to produce insulin, resulting in diabetes. If the damaged pancreas is removed, diabetes will occur due to the loss of the beta cells.
What is insulin resistance?
Insulin resistance - It's condition in which muscle, liver, and fat cells do not use insulin well. As a result, your body needs more insulin to help glucose enter cells. At first, the pancreas makes more insulin to keep up with the added demand. Over time, the pancreas can’t make enough insulin, and blood glucose levels rise.
Describe the diagnostic methods of diabetes