031 M & B

Mass & Balance

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Flashcards	12
Language	English
Category	Traffic
Level	Other
Created / Updated	17.08.2022 / 31.08.2022
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Basic Empty Mass (BEM)

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Empty Mass of the Aircraft
Oil and Hydraulic Fluids
Unusable Fuel

Can bei found in the AFM and has to be newly weighed every 4 year

Useful Load

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Pax/Crew
Baggage
Freight
Other add. equipment such as Dingy, lifejacket etc.
Useable fue

Traffic Load

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Pax/Crew
Baggage
Freight
Other add. Equipment such as Dingy, lifejacket etc

Take Off Mass (TOM)

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Zero Fuel Mass + Fuel = TOM

Basic Empty Mass + Useful Load = TOM

Zero Fuel Mass

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Basic Empty Mass + Traffic Load = Zero Fuel Mass

Mass and Balance Equation

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Momentum = Mass * Ar

Maximum structural T/O Mass (MTOM)

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Calculated and defined by the manufacturer
Should not be exceeded to avoid structural damag

Maximum structural LDG Mass (MLAM)

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Calculated and defined by the manufacturer
Limited by the landing gear
SMall AC normally MTOM = MLA

Maximum T/O Mass

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Operational Limitatio

Dependent on:

Temperature
RWY Length
RWY Condition
Airport altitude
Technical status of the AC

Actual T/O Mass (ATOM)

Keyboard commands:

= turn,

= for-/backward,

= scroll

Needs to be calculated before every Flight
Needs to be compared with the MTOM to ensure no limits are exceeded
- ATOM ≤ MTO

Actual Landing Mass (ALAM)

ATOM -Trip Fuel (TF) = ALA

Centre of gravity

Imaginary Point where the whole mass is concentrated
There is a defined CG margin where it has to within
- If th CG is outside the limits, the flight characteristics and stability will be affected negatievly

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031 M & B

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