Ethz
Fichier Détails
| Cartes-fiches | 163 |
|---|---|
| Langue | English |
| Catégorie | Biologie |
| Niveau | Université |
| Crée / Actualisé | 04.08.2021 / 13.08.2021 |
| Lien de web |
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Structures inside one turn of the cochlea (3)
Scala vestibuli (perilymph)
Cochlear duct (endolymph)
Scala tympani (perilymph)
Names for nearsightedness and farsightedness
n: myopia
f: hyperopia
Parts of pharynx
nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)
Pharynx is connected to the tympanic cavity of the middle ear through the Eustachian tube
Connection between small and large intestine
ileocecal sphincter
Maximal volume of gallbladder
30-60 ml, up to 450 ml possible
Functions of hypothalamus
- regulates body temperature
- manages water balance
- controls food intake
- governs emotional life
- regulates autonomic nervous system
Different receptors of sympathetic NS + functions
Alpha-receptors: stimulatory effects
Beta-receptors: inhibitory effects
Functions of autonomic nervous system
- maintaining a constant internal milieu (homeostasis)
- regulation of organic functioning in response to environmental demands
Hormones of the neurohypophysis
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH / vasopressin)
- Oxytocin
Parts of esophagus
- cervical
- thoracic
- abdominal
Locations of constrictions of the ureter
- ureteropelvic junction
- point where ureter crosses the common iliac vessels
- bladder wall
Layers of stomach
- mucosa
- oblique
- circular
- longitudinal
(von innen nach aussen)
Sensorimotor vs. proprioceptor reflexes
Sensorimotor: receptor and reflexes are located in different organs
Proprioceptor: receptor and reflexes are located in the same organ
4 types of alimentary tract glands
- single cell mucous glands
- pits
- deep tubular glands (stomach, upper duodenum)
- complex glands (salivary glands, pancreas, liver)
White matter of cerebellum
arbor vitae
Secondary sex organs & principal functions
- vagina
- external genitalia
- uterine tube
- uterus
- mammary glands
functions: fertilization of ovum, implantation, development of embryo, parturition
Average intraocular pressure
12-20 mm Hg
Nuclei of cranial nerves in pons
V, VI, VII
Components of ANS
Sympathetic NS
Parasympathetic NS
Enteric plexus
Important structural difference between sympathetic and parasympathetic NS
Sympathetic nerve fibers pass through the sympathetic chain and then to organs
Parasympathetic postganglionic neurons are in the organs itself
Enlargements of spinal cord
Cervical enlargement
Lumbosacral enlargement
Hormones of the placenta
- human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) --> present until week 6, suppresses follicle maturation, maintains production of estrogen and progesterone in corpus luteum
- human placental lactogen (hPL) --> stimulates mammary enlargement and lactogenesis
- estrogens
- progesteron
Types of hormones
- Releasing hormones (RH)
- Inhibiting hormones (IH, -statin)
- Glandotrope hormones (-tropin)
- Somatotrope/effector hormones
Function of renin
thirst reflex
Procedures to determine GFR
- inulin clearance
- creatine clearance
Protection of CNS by
- bony encasement
- meninges
- cerebrospinal fluid
Hormone of the pineal gland
Melatonin
Phases of gastric juice secretion
Chepalic (reflex), local (gastric) & intestinal phase
Compostition of bile
bile salts, bilirubin, cholesterol
Types of receptors
Chemoreceptors (chemical compounds)
Thermoreceptors (temperature)
Nocireceptors (pain)
Mechanoreceptors (compression/stretching)
Electromagnetc receptors (light)
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