Kurdish Sorani, Grammar

Learn kurdish sorani grammer.

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B. K.

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Diese Vokabelkarten helfen Grundschülern, die kurdische Sprache Sorani zu lernen. Sie vermitteln Grammatikregeln wie den Izâfa-Konstruktionen für Besitz und attributive Adjektive sowie Demonstrativpronomen und Pluralformen. Beispiele umfassen Wörter wie "門" (door), "信" (letter) oder "男人" (man). Mit dieser Vokabelkartei können Lernende in beide Richtungen üben, von Kurdisch zu Deutsch und umgekehrt, um die Sprachkenntnisse zu festigen. Besonders geeignet ist das Material für Kinder mit Grundkenntnissen, die ihre Grammatik und ihren Wortschatz erweitern möchten.

Cartes-fiches

Utilisateurs

Langue

Anglais

Catégorie

Autres

Niveau

École primaire

Créé / Mis à jour

06.06.2021 / 14.06.2026

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ئەم دەرگایانە

these doors

ئەو نامەیە

that letter

those letters

ئەو نامانە

aw nâmâná

this (demonstrative pronoun)

ئەمە

amá

ئەمانە

these

that (demonstrative pronoun)

ئەوە

ئەوانە

those

5. Attributive Adjectives: The Open Adjectival Izâfa. The attributive adjective following a noun that is (1) absolute singular, (2) indefinite singular, or (3) indefinite plural is linked to the noun by the unstressed vowel i (called the izâfa vowel). The izâfa is written as ی added directly to words that end in joining letters or an alone ی after non-joining letters.

good hotel --> hotel i bash

Got it?

good hotel

هۆتێلی باش

hotel i bâsh

هۆتێلێکی باش

a good hotel

(some) good hotels

هۆتێلانی باش

hotelân i bâsh

نامەی درێژ

long letter

a long letter

نامەیەکی درێژ

nâmayèk i drezh

نامانی درێژ

(some) long letters

6. Possession: The Izâfa Construction. The same izâfa vowel i links the two parts of a possessive construction and is equivalent to the English ‘of.’

Got it?

the students of a school

کتاویەکانی قوتابخانەیەک

ktâwîakân i qutâbkhânayèk

دێەکەی ئەو پیاوە

that man's village

the houses of the men of the village

ماڵەکانی پیاوەکانی دێەکە

mâłakân i pyâwakân i deaká

دەرگاکەی چایخانەکە

the door of the teahouse

the lessons of this book

دەرسەکانی ئەم کتاوە

darsakân i am ktâwá

1. The Absolute State of the Noun. A Kurdish noun in the absolute state, i.e. without any ending of any kind, gives a generic sense of the noun. It is also the “lexical” form of the noun, i.e. the form in which a noun is given in a vocabulary list or dictionary. The absolute state is normally used for the generic sense, as in قاوه رهشه qâwa rash a ‘coffee is black’.

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

got it?

2. The Indefinite State. The sign of the indefinite singular (‘a, any, some’) is an unstressed enclitic -(y)èk (i.e. ێک -èk after consonants and یهک -yèk after vowels) added to the end of the absolute singular noun. For example:

pyâw ‘man' --> pyâwèk 'a man'

Among the modifiers that demand that a following noun be indefinite are chand ‘a few', hamû ‘every', chi ‘what?', and har ‘each.'

chand pyâwèk 'a few men'

The construction ...i zor ‘many, a lot of’ also takes a preceding indefinite singular noun:

kurdèk i zor 'a lot of Kurds '

The indefinite plural is formed by adding -ân to the absolute singular. If the absolute singular ends in -â, the indefinite plural ending is -yân. Nouns with absolute singulars ending in -a, like nâma 'letter', form the indefinite plural by dropping the final -a and adding -ân.

pyâw --> pyâwân '(some) men'

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

got it?

3. The Definite State. Singular nouns are made definite (‘the’) by adding the suffix -(a)ká (i.e. -aká after consonants, u, e, and î, and -ká after the vowels a, â, and o).

pyâw 'man' --> pyâwaká 'the man'

The definite plural is made by adding (a)kân to the singular, i.e. by changing the -(a)ká of the definite singular to -(a)kân.

pyâwaká 'the man' --> pyâwakân 'the men'

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

got it?

coffee

Commandes clavier:

= tourner,

= avant/arrière,

= faire défiler

قاوه‌

qâwa

Kurdish Sorani, Grammar

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