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Mood disorders

• Pattern of illness due to an abnormal mood

• Almost every patient with mood disorder experiences depression at some point

• Many mood disorders will be diagnosed on the basis of a mood episode

• Period of time when a patient feels abnormal happy or sad

• Building blocks for codable mood disorders

• Most of the patients with mood disorders have one or more of these three episodes:

  • Major depressive episode (for at least 2 weeks depressed, feeling guilt, eating or sleeping problems etc.)
  • Manic episode (for at least 1 week patient feels elated, happy, hyperactive...Bad judgment leads to marked social or work impairment; often patients must be hospitalized.)
  • Hypomanic episode (briefer and less severe as manic episode)

• Major depressive disorder

• Persistent depressive disorder (dysthymia)

• Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (<18 years)

• Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

• Depressive disorder due to another medical condition

• Substance/medication induced depressive disorder

• Other specified, or unspecified, depressive disorder

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• Female sex (prevalenz in women 2 x higher then men; women different coping styles and rumination; hihger biological susceptibility; higner personal interdependence)
• Age (begin in adolescence, phases of transition)
• low socioeconomic status
• Marital status (separation)
• Family member with depression
• Somatic disease (chronic pain, thyroid disorders, cancer, cardiac diseases, AIDS..)
• Number of depressive episodes, degree of remission from first episode, age of beginning of first episode
• comorbidities

Major depressive disorder is a common and serious medical illness

• negatively affects feelings, thinking and behavior

• causes feelings of sadness and/or a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed

• can lead to a variety of emotional and physical problems

• can decrease a person’s ability to function at work / home

Sadness/Grief:

• painfull feel. come in waves, often mixed with positive memories of the decreased
• self-esteem is no affected

Depression:

• Mood and/or pleasure decreased for most of two weeks
• Feelings of worthlessness / self- loathing common

When both of them co-exist togehter, then grief is more severe and last longer.

BUT: despite the overlap, they are still different!!!