Key numbers in Biochemistry
Key numbers in Biochemistry für die Vorlesung Grundlagen der Biologie II: Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Dozent Rudi Glockshuber
Key numbers in Biochemistry für die Vorlesung Grundlagen der Biologie II: Molekularbiologie und Biochemie, Dozent Rudi Glockshuber
Kartei Details
Karten | 38 |
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Sprache | English |
Kategorie | Biologie |
Stufe | Universität |
Erstellt / Aktualisiert | 24.10.2018 / 24.01.2021 |
Lizenzierung | Keine Angabe |
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Avogadro number
\(N_A = 6.0\cdot 10^{23}\ mol^{-1}\)
Proton concentration
\(\mathrm{[H^+]=10^{-pH}\ M\\pH=-\log[H^+]}\)
What does a two-state equilibrium (\(A\leftrightarrow B\)) at 25 °C with an equilibrium constant Keq of \(\frac{[A]}{[B]}=\frac{10}{1}\) indicate?
It indicates that A is 5.7 kJ/mol more stable than B; every order of magnitude of Keq translates into 5.7 kJ/mol \(\mathrm{(\Delta G=-RT\ln K_{eq}) \rightarrow if\ K_{eq}=1000:1, \Delta G =3\cdot 5.7\ kJ/mol=17.1\ kJ/mol}\)
The same applies to enzymes: if the activation energy of a reaction is lowered by 5.7 kJ/mol by an enzyme, the reaction becomes 10 times faster.
Time for an average protein to traverse an E. coli cell by free diffusion
\(\sim 10\ \mathrm{ms}\)
Time for an average protein to traverse a HELA cell (Menschliche Epithel Zelle) by free diffusion
\(\sim10\) s
Size and volume of an E. coli cell
~3 x 0.5 \(\mu\)m / 1 \({\mu m}^3\)
size and volume of a yeast cell (S. cerevisiae)
5 - 10 \(\mu m\ 40\ {\mu m}^3\)
Size and volume of mitochondria
\(1\ \mu m;\ 1{\mu m}^3\)