Society, General Knowledge for Vocational Schools (ABU), Vocabulary, Chapter 8
Vocabulary, Chapter 8
Vocabulary, Chapter 8
Set of flashcards Details
| Flashcards | 31 |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Category | English |
| Level | Vocational School |
| Created / Updated | 02.05.2018 / 02.05.2018 |
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flat-rate taxation
form of taxation where a tax payer pays a predetermined lump sum
value-added tax (VAT)
indirect tax on the domestic consumption of goods and services, except those that are zero-rated or otherwise exempt
steering tax/incentive tax
environmental strategy, where a state imposes taxes on a product that are as high as the costs of the environmental pollution caused by the product
poll tax
tax which every taxpayer pays in the same amount
Indirect taxes
taxes that do not take into account the economic capacity of the taxpayer
fee/charge
fee for a state service, e.g. waste disposal fee
deadline extension
request filed if the tax return cannot be submitted by the specified time
flat tax
tax system where only one tax rate is applied to all personal income
fiscal quota/fiscal burden
the sum of all revenues (taxes and social security contributions) compared to gross domestic product (GDP)
fiscal policy
tax revenues which finance government spending (for example, education and civil engineering)
compensation fee
a fee which must be paid when civil duties are not or cannot be carried out (military service or fire brigade)
objection
complaint that can be raised when one does not agree
income
the money a person earns (e.g. through professional activity, capital investment, inheritance)
direct tax
a tax that takes into consideration the economic capability of the taxable entity
fine
a sum of money imposed as a penalty for an offense
political economic purpose
purpose of taxation that serves to steer production and consumption (tobacco tax, customs)
instructions
guidelines, for instance, for filling out one's tax returns
withholding tax
that part of an employee's tax liability withheld by the employer from wages or salary and paid directly to the government, in Switzerland it is 35% and used to deter tax evasion
assets
something such as money or property that a person or entity owns
deferment
request for postponing a claim that is due
tax competition
competition between different locations on the basis of diverging tax burdens
tax assessment
examination of tax returns to determine the definitive tax burden
fiscal sovereignty
the right to levy taxes
tax return
collection of a taxpayers data (e.g. income) that must be handed in to the tax office to establish income tax owed
tax burden
tax liability towards federal, cantonal, municipal and church taxes
tax
an amount of money that you have to pay to the government without directly benefitting from it (which it uses to provide public services and pay for government institutions)
state ratio
ratio of government expenditure to gross national product (GNP)
socio-political purpose
taxation purpose aiming to create social balance (e.g. inheritance tax, progressive tax)
withholding tax
a type of income taxation that is withheld at source by the employer and paid directly to the government
progression
rate of taxation which rises with a rise in the income that is taken as the basis for calculating the tax
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