language typology
- word structure (SOV/SVO/VSO)
- ways in which languages differ from each other
loan word
Words borrowed from another language (for example: anger, awkward, bag, Tsunami etc.)
CEFR
Common European Framework of Reference = seeks to analyse and describe in a comprehensive way language teaching and learning, language use and language performance in all possible contexts. It also explores in detail a wide range of types of assessment (scales, levels, performance indicators etc.)
Plurilingualism
Competences in more than one language & switch between languages
Multilingualism
Connected to situations where multiple languages exist side-by-side in a society but are utilized separately.
F.E: School language is German. They also learn English and French. At home & with friends they speak Swiss-German.
Functional Plurilingualism
Understand & being understood; just speaking (not always perfect)
BICS vs. CALP
Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency
BICS = Basic language and every day language (level A)
CALP = higher levels (B2+, C1, C2). Academic language. Going out of your comfort zone.
Interlanguage
Stage where you are at starting to gain words.
F.E: child - children. baby - babies.